Browser navigation

A primeira coisa que você vai querer fazer depois de iniciar um navegador é abrir o seu site. Isso pode ser feito em uma única linha, utilize o seguinte comando:

        //Convenient
        driver.get("https://selenium.dev");
            
        //Longer way
        driver.navigate().to("https://selenium.dev");
Show full example
package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class NavigationTest {
    @Test
    public void navigateBrowser() {
        
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
      
        //Convenient
        driver.get("https://selenium.dev");
            
        //Longer way
        driver.navigate().to("https://selenium.dev");
        String title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Back
        driver.navigate().back();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Forward
        driver.navigate().forward();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        //Refresh
        driver.navigate().refresh();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        driver.quit();
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html")
Show full example
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html")

title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.back()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Selenium"

driver.forward()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.refresh()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.quit()
View full example on GitHub
            //Convenient
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev";
            //Longer
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
Show full example
using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
{
    [TestClass]
    public class NavigationTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void TestNavigationCommands()
        {
            IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
            driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);

            //Convenient
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev";
            //Longer
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
            var title = driver.Title;
            Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);

            //Back
            driver.Navigate().Back();
            title = driver.Title;
            Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);

            //Forward
            driver.Navigate().Forward();
            title = driver.Title;
            Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);

            //Refresh
            driver.Navigate().Refresh();
            title = driver.Title;
            Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);

            //Quit the browser
            driver.Quit();
        }
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
Show full example
require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Browser' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  it 'navigates to a page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates back' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates forward' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    driver.navigate.forward
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
  end

  it 'refreshes the page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.refresh
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end
end
View full example on GitHub
    //Convenient
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev');

    //Longer way
    await driver.navigate().to("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html");
Show full example
const {Builder } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");

describe('Interactions - Navigation', function () {
  let driver;

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser('chrome')
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Browser navigation test', async function () {
    //Convenient
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev');

    //Longer way
    await driver.navigate().to("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html");
    let title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Back
    await driver.navigate().back();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Selenium");

    //Forward
    await driver.navigate().forward();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Refresh
    await driver.navigate().refresh();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");
  });
});
View full example on GitHub
//Convenient
driver.get("https://selenium.dev")

//Longer way
driver.navigate().to("https://selenium.dev")

Voltar

Pressionando o botão Voltar do navegador:

        //Back
        driver.navigate().back();
Show full example
package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class NavigationTest {
    @Test
    public void navigateBrowser() {
        
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
      
        //Convenient
        driver.get("https://selenium.dev");
            
        //Longer way
        driver.navigate().to("https://selenium.dev");
        String title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Back
        driver.navigate().back();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Forward
        driver.navigate().forward();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        //Refresh
        driver.navigate().refresh();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        driver.quit();
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
driver.back()
Show full example
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html")

title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.back()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Selenium"

driver.forward()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.refresh()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.quit()
View full example on GitHub
            //Back
             driver.Navigate().Back();
Show full example
using System;
 using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
 using OpenQA.Selenium;
 using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
 
 namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
 {
     [TestClass]
     public class NavigationTest
     {
         [TestMethod]
         public void TestNavigationCommands()
         {
             IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
             driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);
 
             //Convenient
             driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev";
             //Longer
             driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
             var title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Back
             driver.Navigate().Back();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Forward
             driver.Navigate().Forward();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Refresh
             driver.Navigate().Refresh();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Quit the browser
             driver.Quit();
         }
     }
 }
View full example on GitHub
    driver.navigate.back
Show full example
require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Browser' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  it 'navigates to a page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates back' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates forward' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    driver.navigate.forward
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
  end

  it 'refreshes the page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.refresh
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end
end
View full example on GitHub
    //Back
    await driver.navigate().back();
Show full example
const {Builder } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");

describe('Interactions - Navigation', function () {
  let driver;

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser('chrome')
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Browser navigation test', async function () {
    //Convenient
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev');

    //Longer way
    await driver.navigate().to("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html");
    let title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Back
    await driver.navigate().back();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Selenium");

    //Forward
    await driver.navigate().forward();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Refresh
    await driver.navigate().refresh();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");
  });
});
View full example on GitHub
driver.navigate().back()

Avançar

Pressionando o botão Avançar do navegador:

        //Forward
        driver.navigate().forward();
Show full example
package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class NavigationTest {
    @Test
    public void navigateBrowser() {
        
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
      
        //Convenient
        driver.get("https://selenium.dev");
            
        //Longer way
        driver.navigate().to("https://selenium.dev");
        String title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Back
        driver.navigate().back();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Forward
        driver.navigate().forward();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        //Refresh
        driver.navigate().refresh();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        driver.quit();
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
driver.forward()
Show full example
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html")

title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.back()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Selenium"

driver.forward()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.refresh()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.quit()
View full example on GitHub
            //Forward
             driver.Navigate().Forward();
Show full example
using System;
 using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
 using OpenQA.Selenium;
 using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
 
 namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
 {
     [TestClass]
     public class NavigationTest
     {
         [TestMethod]
         public void TestNavigationCommands()
         {
             IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
             driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);
 
             //Convenient
             driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev";
             //Longer
             driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
             var title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Back
             driver.Navigate().Back();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Forward
             driver.Navigate().Forward();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Refresh
             driver.Navigate().Refresh();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Quit the browser
             driver.Quit();
         }
     }
 }
View full example on GitHub
    driver.navigate.forward
Show full example
require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Browser' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  it 'navigates to a page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates back' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates forward' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    driver.navigate.forward
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
  end

  it 'refreshes the page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.refresh
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end
end
View full example on GitHub
    //Forward
    await driver.navigate().forward();
Show full example
const {Builder } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");

describe('Interactions - Navigation', function () {
  let driver;

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser('chrome')
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Browser navigation test', async function () {
    //Convenient
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev');

    //Longer way
    await driver.navigate().to("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html");
    let title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Back
    await driver.navigate().back();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Selenium");

    //Forward
    await driver.navigate().forward();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Refresh
    await driver.navigate().refresh();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");
  });
});
View full example on GitHub
driver.navigate().forward()

Atualizar

Atualizando a página atual:

        //Refresh
        driver.navigate().refresh();
Show full example
package dev.selenium.interactions;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class NavigationTest {
    @Test
    public void navigateBrowser() {
        
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
      
        //Convenient
        driver.get("https://selenium.dev");
            
        //Longer way
        driver.navigate().to("https://selenium.dev");
        String title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Back
        driver.navigate().back();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");
        
        //Forward
        driver.navigate().forward();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        //Refresh
        driver.navigate().refresh();
        title = driver.getTitle();
        assertEquals(title, "Selenium");

        driver.quit();
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
driver.refresh()
Show full example
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html")

title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.back()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Selenium"

driver.forward()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.refresh()
title = driver.title
assert title == "Index of Available Pages"

driver.quit()
View full example on GitHub
            //Refresh
             driver.Navigate().Refresh();
Show full example
using System;
 using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
 using OpenQA.Selenium;
 using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
 
 namespace SeleniumDocumentation.SeleniumInteractions
 {
     [TestClass]
     public class NavigationTest
     {
         [TestMethod]
         public void TestNavigationCommands()
         {
             IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
             driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);
 
             //Convenient
             driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev";
             //Longer
             driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://selenium.dev");
             var title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Back
             driver.Navigate().Back();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Forward
             driver.Navigate().Forward();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Refresh
             driver.Navigate().Refresh();
             title = driver.Title;
             Assert.AreEqual("Selenium", title);
 
             //Quit the browser
             driver.Quit();
         }
     }
 }
View full example on GitHub
    driver.navigate.refresh
Show full example
require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Browser' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  it 'navigates to a page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates back' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end

  it 'navigates forward' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
    driver.navigate.back
    driver.navigate.forward
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/inputs.html'
  end

  it 'refreshes the page' do
    driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
    driver.navigate.refresh
    expect(driver.current_url).to eq 'https://www.selenium.dev/'
  end
end
View full example on GitHub
    //Refresh
    await driver.navigate().refresh();
Show full example
const {Builder } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require("node:assert");

describe('Interactions - Navigation', function () {
  let driver;

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser('chrome')
      .build();
  });

  after(async () => await driver.quit());

  it('Browser navigation test', async function () {
    //Convenient
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev');

    //Longer way
    await driver.navigate().to("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/index.html");
    let title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Back
    await driver.navigate().back();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Selenium");

    //Forward
    await driver.navigate().forward();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");

    //Refresh
    await driver.navigate().refresh();
    title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal(title, "Index of Available Pages");
  });
});
View full example on GitHub
driver.navigate().refresh()
Última modificação August 5, 2024: [rb] Move documentation examples for general interactions and navigation (#1837)[deploy site] (1d9f037a76)