键盘操作

一种适用于任何与网页交互的按键输入设备的表现形式.

只有 2 个操作可以使用键盘完成: 按下某个键，以及释放一个按下的键. 除了支持 ASCII 字符外，每个键盘按键还具有 可以按特定顺序按下或释放的表现形式.

按键

除了由常规unicode表示的按键， 其他键盘按键被分配了一些unicode值以用于操作Selenium 每种语言都有自己的方式来援引这些按键; 这里 可以找到完整列表

Use the Java Keys enum

Use the Python Keys class

Use the .NET static Keys class

Use the Ruby KEYS constant

Use the JavaScript KEYS constant

Use the Java Keys enum

按下按键

        new Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .perform();
Show full example
package dev.selenium.actions_api;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

public class KeysTest extends BaseChromeTest {
    @Test
    public void keyDown() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("A", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void keyUp() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("b")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("Ab", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void sendKeysToActiveElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys("abc")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("abc", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void sendKeysToDesignatedElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");
        driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).click();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .perform();

        Assertions.assertEquals("Selenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void copyAndPaste() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        Keys cmdCtrl = Platform.getCurrent().is(Platform.MAC) ? Keys.COMMAND : Keys.CONTROL;

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_UP)
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .sendKeys("xvv")
                .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .perform();

        Assertions.assertEquals("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
    ActionChains(driver)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("abc")\
        .perform()
Show full example
import sys

from selenium.webdriver import Keys, ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


def test_key_down(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "ABC"


def test_key_up(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("a")\
        .key_up(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("b")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "Ab"


def test_send_keys_to_active_element(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys("abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "abc"


def test_send_keys_to_designated_element(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')
    driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "body").click()

    text_input = driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput")
    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys_to_element(text_input, "abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "abc"


def test_copy_and_paste(firefox_driver):
    driver = firefox_driver
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')
    cmd_ctrl = Keys.COMMAND if sys.platform == 'darwin' else Keys.CONTROL

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys("Selenium!")\
        .send_keys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys(Keys.ARROW_UP)\
        .key_up(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .key_down(cmd_ctrl)\
        .send_keys("xvv")\
        .key_up(cmd_ctrl)\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "SeleniumSelenium!"
View full example on GitHub
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("a")
                .Perform();
Show full example
using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Interactions;

namespace SeleniumDocs.ActionsAPI
{
    [TestClass]
    public class KeysTest : BaseFirefoxTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void KeyDown()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("a")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("A", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void KeyUp()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("a")
                .KeyUp(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("b")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("Ab", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
        
        [TestMethod]
        public void SendKeysToActiveElement()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys("abc")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("abc", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
        
        [TestMethod]
        public void SendKeysToDesignatedElement()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";
            driver.FindElement(By.TagName("body")).Click();
            
            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys(textField, "abc")
                .Perform();

            Assert.AreEqual("abc", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CopyAndPaste()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            var capabilities = ((WebDriver)driver).Capabilities;
            String platformName = (string)capabilities.GetCapability("platformName");

            String cmdCtrl = platformName.Contains("mac") ? Keys.Command : Keys.Control;

            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys("Selenium!")
                .SendKeys(Keys.ArrowLeft)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys(Keys.ArrowUp)
                .KeyUp(Keys.Shift)
                .KeyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .SendKeys("xvv")
                .KeyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
    driver.action
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys('a')
          .perform
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Keys' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }
  let(:wait) { Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(timeout: 2) }

  it 'key down' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys('a')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'A'
  end

  it 'key up' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys('a')
          .key_up(:shift)
          .send_keys('b')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'Ab'
  end

  it 'sends keys to active element' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .send_keys('abc')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'abc'
  end

  it 'sends keys to designated element' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    driver.find_element(tag_name: 'body').click
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    text_field = driver.find_element(id: 'textInput')
    driver.action
          .send_keys(text_field, 'Selenium!')
          .perform

    expect(text_field.attribute('value')).to eq 'Selenium!'
  end

  it 'copy and paste' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    cmd_ctrl = driver.capabilities.platform_name.include?('mac') ? :command : :control
    driver.action
          .send_keys('Selenium!')
          .send_keys(:arrow_left)
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys(:arrow_up)
          .key_up(:shift)
          .key_down(cmd_ctrl)
          .send_keys('xvv')
          .key_up(cmd_ctrl)
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'SeleniumSelenium!'
  end
end
View full example on GitHub
    await driver.actions()
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('a')
      .perform()
Show full example
const { By, Key, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert')
const { platform } = require('node:process')

describe('Keyboard Action - Keys test', function() {
  let driver

  before(async function() {
    driver = await new Builder().forBrowser('chrome').build();
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('KeyDown', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    await driver.actions()
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('a')
      .perform()

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'A')
  })

  it('KeyUp', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    await textField.click()

    await driver.actions()
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('a')
      .keyUp(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('b')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'Ab')
  })

  it('sendKeys', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    await textField.click()

    await driver.actions()
      .sendKeys('abc')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'abc')
  })

  it('Designated Element', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    await driver.findElement(By.css('body')).click()
    const textField = await driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))

    await driver.actions()
      .sendKeys(textField, 'abc')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'abc')
  })

  it('Copy and Paste', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = await driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))

    const cmdCtrl = platform.includes('darwin') ? Key.COMMAND : Key.CONTROL

    await driver.actions()
      .click(textField)
      .sendKeys('Selenium!')
      .sendKeys(Key.ARROW_LEFT)
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys(Key.ARROW_UP)
      .keyUp(Key.SHIFT)
      .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
      .sendKeys('xvv')
      .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'SeleniumSelenium!')
  })
})
View full example on GitHub
        Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .perform()
Show full example
package dev.selenium.actions_api

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.HasCapabilities
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions

class KeysTest : BaseTest() {

    @Test
    fun keyDown() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("A", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun keyUp() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("b")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("Ab", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun sendKeysToActiveElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys("abc")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("abc", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun sendKeysToDesignatedElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")
        driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).click()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .perform()

        Assertions.assertEquals("Selenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun copyAndPaste() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        val platformName = (driver as HasCapabilities).getCapabilities().getPlatformName()

        val cmdCtrl = if(platformName == Platform.MAC) Keys.COMMAND else Keys.CONTROL

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_UP)
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .sendKeys("xvv")
                .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .perform()

        Assertions.assertEquals("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }
}
View full example on GitHub

释放按键

        new Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("b")
                .perform();
Show full example
package dev.selenium.actions_api;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

public class KeysTest extends BaseChromeTest {
    @Test
    public void keyDown() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("A", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void keyUp() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("b")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("Ab", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void sendKeysToActiveElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys("abc")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("abc", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void sendKeysToDesignatedElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");
        driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).click();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .perform();

        Assertions.assertEquals("Selenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void copyAndPaste() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        Keys cmdCtrl = Platform.getCurrent().is(Platform.MAC) ? Keys.COMMAND : Keys.CONTROL;

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_UP)
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .sendKeys("xvv")
                .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .perform();

        Assertions.assertEquals("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
    ActionChains(driver)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("a")\
        .key_up(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("b")\
        .perform()
Show full example
import sys

from selenium.webdriver import Keys, ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


def test_key_down(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "ABC"


def test_key_up(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("a")\
        .key_up(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("b")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "Ab"


def test_send_keys_to_active_element(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys("abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "abc"


def test_send_keys_to_designated_element(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')
    driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "body").click()

    text_input = driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput")
    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys_to_element(text_input, "abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "abc"


def test_copy_and_paste(firefox_driver):
    driver = firefox_driver
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')
    cmd_ctrl = Keys.COMMAND if sys.platform == 'darwin' else Keys.CONTROL

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys("Selenium!")\
        .send_keys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys(Keys.ARROW_UP)\
        .key_up(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .key_down(cmd_ctrl)\
        .send_keys("xvv")\
        .key_up(cmd_ctrl)\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "SeleniumSelenium!"
View full example on GitHub
            new Actions(driver)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("a")
                .KeyUp(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("b")
                .Perform();
Show full example
using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Interactions;

namespace SeleniumDocs.ActionsAPI
{
    [TestClass]
    public class KeysTest : BaseFirefoxTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void KeyDown()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("a")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("A", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void KeyUp()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("a")
                .KeyUp(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("b")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("Ab", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
        
        [TestMethod]
        public void SendKeysToActiveElement()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys("abc")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("abc", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
        
        [TestMethod]
        public void SendKeysToDesignatedElement()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";
            driver.FindElement(By.TagName("body")).Click();
            
            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys(textField, "abc")
                .Perform();

            Assert.AreEqual("abc", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CopyAndPaste()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            var capabilities = ((WebDriver)driver).Capabilities;
            String platformName = (string)capabilities.GetCapability("platformName");

            String cmdCtrl = platformName.Contains("mac") ? Keys.Command : Keys.Control;

            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys("Selenium!")
                .SendKeys(Keys.ArrowLeft)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys(Keys.ArrowUp)
                .KeyUp(Keys.Shift)
                .KeyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .SendKeys("xvv")
                .KeyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
    driver.action
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys('a')
          .key_up(:shift)
          .send_keys('b')
          .perform
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Keys' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }
  let(:wait) { Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(timeout: 2) }

  it 'key down' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys('a')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'A'
  end

  it 'key up' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys('a')
          .key_up(:shift)
          .send_keys('b')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'Ab'
  end

  it 'sends keys to active element' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .send_keys('abc')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'abc'
  end

  it 'sends keys to designated element' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    driver.find_element(tag_name: 'body').click
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    text_field = driver.find_element(id: 'textInput')
    driver.action
          .send_keys(text_field, 'Selenium!')
          .perform

    expect(text_field.attribute('value')).to eq 'Selenium!'
  end

  it 'copy and paste' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    cmd_ctrl = driver.capabilities.platform_name.include?('mac') ? :command : :control
    driver.action
          .send_keys('Selenium!')
          .send_keys(:arrow_left)
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys(:arrow_up)
          .key_up(:shift)
          .key_down(cmd_ctrl)
          .send_keys('xvv')
          .key_up(cmd_ctrl)
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'SeleniumSelenium!'
  end
end
View full example on GitHub
    await driver.actions()
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('a')
      .keyUp(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('b')
      .perform()
Show full example
const { By, Key, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert')
const { platform } = require('node:process')

describe('Keyboard Action - Keys test', function() {
  let driver

  before(async function() {
    driver = await new Builder().forBrowser('chrome').build();
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('KeyDown', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    await driver.actions()
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('a')
      .perform()

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'A')
  })

  it('KeyUp', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    await textField.click()

    await driver.actions()
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('a')
      .keyUp(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('b')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'Ab')
  })

  it('sendKeys', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    await textField.click()

    await driver.actions()
      .sendKeys('abc')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'abc')
  })

  it('Designated Element', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    await driver.findElement(By.css('body')).click()
    const textField = await driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))

    await driver.actions()
      .sendKeys(textField, 'abc')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'abc')
  })

  it('Copy and Paste', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = await driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))

    const cmdCtrl = platform.includes('darwin') ? Key.COMMAND : Key.CONTROL

    await driver.actions()
      .click(textField)
      .sendKeys('Selenium!')
      .sendKeys(Key.ARROW_LEFT)
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys(Key.ARROW_UP)
      .keyUp(Key.SHIFT)
      .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
      .sendKeys('xvv')
      .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'SeleniumSelenium!')
  })
})
View full example on GitHub
        Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("b")
                .perform()
Show full example
package dev.selenium.actions_api

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.HasCapabilities
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions

class KeysTest : BaseTest() {

    @Test
    fun keyDown() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("A", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun keyUp() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("b")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("Ab", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun sendKeysToActiveElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys("abc")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("abc", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun sendKeysToDesignatedElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")
        driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).click()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .perform()

        Assertions.assertEquals("Selenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun copyAndPaste() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        val platformName = (driver as HasCapabilities).getCapabilities().getPlatformName()

        val cmdCtrl = if(platformName == Platform.MAC) Keys.COMMAND else Keys.CONTROL

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_UP)
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .sendKeys("xvv")
                .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .perform()

        Assertions.assertEquals("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }
}
View full example on GitHub

键入

这是Actions API的一种便捷方法, 它将 keyDown 和 keyUp 命令组合在一个操作中. 执行此命令与使用 element 方法略有不同, 但这主要用于，需要在其他操作之间键入多个字符时使用.

活跃元素

        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys("abc")
                .perform();
Show full example
package dev.selenium.actions_api;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

public class KeysTest extends BaseChromeTest {
    @Test
    public void keyDown() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("A", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void keyUp() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("b")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("Ab", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void sendKeysToActiveElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys("abc")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("abc", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void sendKeysToDesignatedElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");
        driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).click();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .perform();

        Assertions.assertEquals("Selenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void copyAndPaste() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        Keys cmdCtrl = Platform.getCurrent().is(Platform.MAC) ? Keys.COMMAND : Keys.CONTROL;

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_UP)
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .sendKeys("xvv")
                .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .perform();

        Assertions.assertEquals("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys("abc")\
        .perform()
Show full example
import sys

from selenium.webdriver import Keys, ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


def test_key_down(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "ABC"


def test_key_up(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("a")\
        .key_up(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("b")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "Ab"


def test_send_keys_to_active_element(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys("abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "abc"


def test_send_keys_to_designated_element(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')
    driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "body").click()

    text_input = driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput")
    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys_to_element(text_input, "abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "abc"


def test_copy_and_paste(firefox_driver):
    driver = firefox_driver
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')
    cmd_ctrl = Keys.COMMAND if sys.platform == 'darwin' else Keys.CONTROL

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys("Selenium!")\
        .send_keys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys(Keys.ARROW_UP)\
        .key_up(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .key_down(cmd_ctrl)\
        .send_keys("xvv")\
        .key_up(cmd_ctrl)\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "SeleniumSelenium!"
View full example on GitHub

            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys("abc")
Show full example
using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Interactions;

namespace SeleniumDocs.ActionsAPI
{
    [TestClass]
    public class KeysTest : BaseFirefoxTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void KeyDown()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("a")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("A", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void KeyUp()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("a")
                .KeyUp(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("b")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("Ab", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
        
        [TestMethod]
        public void SendKeysToActiveElement()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys("abc")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("abc", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
        
        [TestMethod]
        public void SendKeysToDesignatedElement()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";
            driver.FindElement(By.TagName("body")).Click();
            
            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys(textField, "abc")
                .Perform();

            Assert.AreEqual("abc", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CopyAndPaste()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            var capabilities = ((WebDriver)driver).Capabilities;
            String platformName = (string)capabilities.GetCapability("platformName");

            String cmdCtrl = platformName.Contains("mac") ? Keys.Command : Keys.Control;

            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys("Selenium!")
                .SendKeys(Keys.ArrowLeft)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys(Keys.ArrowUp)
                .KeyUp(Keys.Shift)
                .KeyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .SendKeys("xvv")
                .KeyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
    driver.action
          .send_keys('abc')
          .perform
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Keys' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }
  let(:wait) { Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(timeout: 2) }

  it 'key down' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys('a')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'A'
  end

  it 'key up' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys('a')
          .key_up(:shift)
          .send_keys('b')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'Ab'
  end

  it 'sends keys to active element' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .send_keys('abc')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'abc'
  end

  it 'sends keys to designated element' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    driver.find_element(tag_name: 'body').click
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    text_field = driver.find_element(id: 'textInput')
    driver.action
          .send_keys(text_field, 'Selenium!')
          .perform

    expect(text_field.attribute('value')).to eq 'Selenium!'
  end

  it 'copy and paste' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    cmd_ctrl = driver.capabilities.platform_name.include?('mac') ? :command : :control
    driver.action
          .send_keys('Selenium!')
          .send_keys(:arrow_left)
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys(:arrow_up)
          .key_up(:shift)
          .key_down(cmd_ctrl)
          .send_keys('xvv')
          .key_up(cmd_ctrl)
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'SeleniumSelenium!'
  end
end
View full example on GitHub
    await driver.actions()
      .sendKeys('abc')
      .perform()
Show full example
const { By, Key, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert')
const { platform } = require('node:process')

describe('Keyboard Action - Keys test', function() {
  let driver

  before(async function() {
    driver = await new Builder().forBrowser('chrome').build();
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('KeyDown', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    await driver.actions()
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('a')
      .perform()

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'A')
  })

  it('KeyUp', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    await textField.click()

    await driver.actions()
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('a')
      .keyUp(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('b')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'Ab')
  })

  it('sendKeys', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    await textField.click()

    await driver.actions()
      .sendKeys('abc')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'abc')
  })

  it('Designated Element', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    await driver.findElement(By.css('body')).click()
    const textField = await driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))

    await driver.actions()
      .sendKeys(textField, 'abc')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'abc')
  })

  it('Copy and Paste', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = await driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))

    const cmdCtrl = platform.includes('darwin') ? Key.COMMAND : Key.CONTROL

    await driver.actions()
      .click(textField)
      .sendKeys('Selenium!')
      .sendKeys(Key.ARROW_LEFT)
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys(Key.ARROW_UP)
      .keyUp(Key.SHIFT)
      .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
      .sendKeys('xvv')
      .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'SeleniumSelenium!')
  })
})
View full example on GitHub
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys("abc")
                .perform()
Show full example
package dev.selenium.actions_api

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.HasCapabilities
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions

class KeysTest : BaseTest() {

    @Test
    fun keyDown() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("A", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun keyUp() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("b")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("Ab", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun sendKeysToActiveElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys("abc")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("abc", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun sendKeysToDesignatedElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")
        driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).click()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .perform()

        Assertions.assertEquals("Selenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun copyAndPaste() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        val platformName = (driver as HasCapabilities).getCapabilities().getPlatformName()

        val cmdCtrl = if(platformName == Platform.MAC) Keys.COMMAND else Keys.CONTROL

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_UP)
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .sendKeys("xvv")
                .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .perform()

        Assertions.assertEquals("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }
}
View full example on GitHub

指定元素

        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .perform();
Show full example
package dev.selenium.actions_api;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

public class KeysTest extends BaseChromeTest {
    @Test
    public void keyDown() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("A", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void keyUp() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("b")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("Ab", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void sendKeysToActiveElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys("abc")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("abc", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void sendKeysToDesignatedElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");
        driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).click();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .perform();

        Assertions.assertEquals("Selenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void copyAndPaste() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        Keys cmdCtrl = Platform.getCurrent().is(Platform.MAC) ? Keys.COMMAND : Keys.CONTROL;

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_UP)
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .sendKeys("xvv")
                .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .perform();

        Assertions.assertEquals("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
    text_input = driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput")
    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys_to_element(text_input, "abc")\
        .perform()
Show full example
import sys

from selenium.webdriver import Keys, ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


def test_key_down(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "ABC"


def test_key_up(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("a")\
        .key_up(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("b")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "Ab"


def test_send_keys_to_active_element(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys("abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "abc"


def test_send_keys_to_designated_element(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')
    driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "body").click()

    text_input = driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput")
    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys_to_element(text_input, "abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "abc"


def test_copy_and_paste(firefox_driver):
    driver = firefox_driver
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')
    cmd_ctrl = Keys.COMMAND if sys.platform == 'darwin' else Keys.CONTROL

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys("Selenium!")\
        .send_keys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys(Keys.ARROW_UP)\
        .key_up(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .key_down(cmd_ctrl)\
        .send_keys("xvv")\
        .key_up(cmd_ctrl)\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "SeleniumSelenium!"
View full example on GitHub
            driver.FindElement(By.TagName("body")).Click();
            
            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            new Actions(driver)
Show full example
using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Interactions;

namespace SeleniumDocs.ActionsAPI
{
    [TestClass]
    public class KeysTest : BaseFirefoxTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void KeyDown()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("a")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("A", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void KeyUp()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("a")
                .KeyUp(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("b")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("Ab", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
        
        [TestMethod]
        public void SendKeysToActiveElement()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys("abc")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("abc", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
        
        [TestMethod]
        public void SendKeysToDesignatedElement()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";
            driver.FindElement(By.TagName("body")).Click();
            
            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys(textField, "abc")
                .Perform();

            Assert.AreEqual("abc", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CopyAndPaste()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            var capabilities = ((WebDriver)driver).Capabilities;
            String platformName = (string)capabilities.GetCapability("platformName");

            String cmdCtrl = platformName.Contains("mac") ? Keys.Command : Keys.Control;

            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys("Selenium!")
                .SendKeys(Keys.ArrowLeft)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys(Keys.ArrowUp)
                .KeyUp(Keys.Shift)
                .KeyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .SendKeys("xvv")
                .KeyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
    text_field = driver.find_element(id: 'textInput')
    driver.action
          .send_keys(text_field, 'Selenium!')
          .perform
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Keys' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }
  let(:wait) { Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(timeout: 2) }

  it 'key down' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys('a')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'A'
  end

  it 'key up' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys('a')
          .key_up(:shift)
          .send_keys('b')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'Ab'
  end

  it 'sends keys to active element' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .send_keys('abc')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'abc'
  end

  it 'sends keys to designated element' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    driver.find_element(tag_name: 'body').click
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    text_field = driver.find_element(id: 'textInput')
    driver.action
          .send_keys(text_field, 'Selenium!')
          .perform

    expect(text_field.attribute('value')).to eq 'Selenium!'
  end

  it 'copy and paste' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    cmd_ctrl = driver.capabilities.platform_name.include?('mac') ? :command : :control
    driver.action
          .send_keys('Selenium!')
          .send_keys(:arrow_left)
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys(:arrow_up)
          .key_up(:shift)
          .key_down(cmd_ctrl)
          .send_keys('xvv')
          .key_up(cmd_ctrl)
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'SeleniumSelenium!'
  end
end
View full example on GitHub

Selenium v4.5.0

    const textField = await driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))

    await driver.actions()
      .sendKeys(textField, 'abc')
      .perform()
Show full example
const { By, Key, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert')
const { platform } = require('node:process')

describe('Keyboard Action - Keys test', function() {
  let driver

  before(async function() {
    driver = await new Builder().forBrowser('chrome').build();
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('KeyDown', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    await driver.actions()
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('a')
      .perform()

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'A')
  })

  it('KeyUp', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    await textField.click()

    await driver.actions()
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('a')
      .keyUp(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('b')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'Ab')
  })

  it('sendKeys', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    await textField.click()

    await driver.actions()
      .sendKeys('abc')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'abc')
  })

  it('Designated Element', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    await driver.findElement(By.css('body')).click()
    const textField = await driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))

    await driver.actions()
      .sendKeys(textField, 'abc')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'abc')
  })

  it('Copy and Paste', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = await driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))

    const cmdCtrl = platform.includes('darwin') ? Key.COMMAND : Key.CONTROL

    await driver.actions()
      .click(textField)
      .sendKeys('Selenium!')
      .sendKeys(Key.ARROW_LEFT)
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys(Key.ARROW_UP)
      .keyUp(Key.SHIFT)
      .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
      .sendKeys('xvv')
      .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'SeleniumSelenium!')
  })
})
View full example on GitHub
        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .perform()
Show full example
package dev.selenium.actions_api

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.HasCapabilities
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions

class KeysTest : BaseTest() {

    @Test
    fun keyDown() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("A", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun keyUp() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("b")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("Ab", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun sendKeysToActiveElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys("abc")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("abc", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun sendKeysToDesignatedElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")
        driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).click()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .perform()

        Assertions.assertEquals("Selenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun copyAndPaste() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        val platformName = (driver as HasCapabilities).getCapabilities().getPlatformName()

        val cmdCtrl = if(platformName == Platform.MAC) Keys.COMMAND else Keys.CONTROL

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_UP)
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .sendKeys("xvv")
                .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .perform()

        Assertions.assertEquals("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }
}
View full example on GitHub

复制粘贴

下面是使用上述所有方法执行复制/粘贴操作的示例. 请注意, 用于此操作的键位会有所不同, 具体取决于它是否是 Mac OS. 此代码将以文本收尾: SeleniumSelenium!

        Keys cmdCtrl = Platform.getCurrent().is(Platform.MAC) ? Keys.COMMAND : Keys.CONTROL;

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_UP)
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .sendKeys("xvv")
                .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .perform();

        Assertions.assertEquals("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"));
Show full example
package dev.selenium.actions_api;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;

public class KeysTest extends BaseChromeTest {
    @Test
    public void keyDown() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("A", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void keyUp() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("b")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("Ab", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void sendKeysToActiveElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys("abc")
                .perform();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        Assertions.assertEquals("abc", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void sendKeysToDesignatedElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");
        driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).click();

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .perform();

        Assertions.assertEquals("Selenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }

    @Test
    public void copyAndPaste() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html");

        Keys cmdCtrl = Platform.getCurrent().is(Platform.MAC) ? Keys.COMMAND : Keys.CONTROL;

        WebElement textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"));
        new Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_UP)
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .sendKeys("xvv")
                .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .perform();

        Assertions.assertEquals("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"));
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
    cmd_ctrl = Keys.COMMAND if sys.platform == 'darwin' else Keys.CONTROL

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys("Selenium!")\
        .send_keys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys(Keys.ARROW_UP)\
        .key_up(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .key_down(cmd_ctrl)\
        .send_keys("xvv")\
        .key_up(cmd_ctrl)\
        .perform()
Show full example
import sys

from selenium.webdriver import Keys, ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


def test_key_down(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "ABC"


def test_key_up(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("a")\
        .key_up(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys("b")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "Ab"


def test_send_keys_to_active_element(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys("abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "abc"


def test_send_keys_to_designated_element(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')
    driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "body").click()

    text_input = driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput")
    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys_to_element(text_input, "abc")\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "abc"


def test_copy_and_paste(firefox_driver):
    driver = firefox_driver
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')
    cmd_ctrl = Keys.COMMAND if sys.platform == 'darwin' else Keys.CONTROL

    ActionChains(driver)\
        .send_keys("Selenium!")\
        .send_keys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)\
        .key_down(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .send_keys(Keys.ARROW_UP)\
        .key_up(Keys.SHIFT)\
        .key_down(cmd_ctrl)\
        .send_keys("xvv")\
        .key_up(cmd_ctrl)\
        .perform()

    assert driver.find_element(By.ID, "textInput").get_attribute('value') == "SeleniumSelenium!"
View full example on GitHub

            var capabilities = ((WebDriver)driver).Capabilities;
            String platformName = (string)capabilities.GetCapability("platformName");

            String cmdCtrl = platformName.Contains("mac") ? Keys.Command : Keys.Control;

            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys("Selenium!")
                .SendKeys(Keys.ArrowLeft)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys(Keys.ArrowUp)
Show full example
using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Interactions;

namespace SeleniumDocs.ActionsAPI
{
    [TestClass]
    public class KeysTest : BaseFirefoxTest
    {
        [TestMethod]
        public void KeyDown()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("a")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("A", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void KeyUp()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("a")
                .KeyUp(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys("b")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("Ab", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
        
        [TestMethod]
        public void SendKeysToActiveElement()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys("abc")
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("abc", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
        
        [TestMethod]
        public void SendKeysToDesignatedElement()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";
            driver.FindElement(By.TagName("body")).Click();
            
            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys(textField, "abc")
                .Perform();

            Assert.AreEqual("abc", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void CopyAndPaste()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html";

            var capabilities = ((WebDriver)driver).Capabilities;
            String platformName = (string)capabilities.GetCapability("platformName");

            String cmdCtrl = platformName.Contains("mac") ? Keys.Command : Keys.Control;

            new Actions(driver)
                .SendKeys("Selenium!")
                .SendKeys(Keys.ArrowLeft)
                .KeyDown(Keys.Shift)
                .SendKeys(Keys.ArrowUp)
                .KeyUp(Keys.Shift)
                .KeyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .SendKeys("xvv")
                .KeyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .Perform();

            IWebElement textField = driver.FindElement(By.Id("textInput"));
            Assert.AreEqual("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.GetAttribute("value"));
        }
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
    driver.action
          .send_keys('Selenium!')
          .send_keys(:arrow_left)
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys(:arrow_up)
          .key_up(:shift)
          .key_down(cmd_ctrl)
          .send_keys('xvv')
          .key_up(cmd_ctrl)
          .perform
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Keys' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }
  let(:wait) { Selenium::WebDriver::Wait.new(timeout: 2) }

  it 'key down' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys('a')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'A'
  end

  it 'key up' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys('a')
          .key_up(:shift)
          .send_keys('b')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'Ab'
  end

  it 'sends keys to active element' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    driver.action
          .send_keys('abc')
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'abc'
  end

  it 'sends keys to designated element' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    driver.find_element(tag_name: 'body').click
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    text_field = driver.find_element(id: 'textInput')
    driver.action
          .send_keys(text_field, 'Selenium!')
          .perform

    expect(text_field.attribute('value')).to eq 'Selenium!'
  end

  it 'copy and paste' do
    driver.get 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html'
    wait.until { driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('autofocus') }

    cmd_ctrl = driver.capabilities.platform_name.include?('mac') ? :command : :control
    driver.action
          .send_keys('Selenium!')
          .send_keys(:arrow_left)
          .key_down(:shift)
          .send_keys(:arrow_up)
          .key_up(:shift)
          .key_down(cmd_ctrl)
          .send_keys('xvv')
          .key_up(cmd_ctrl)
          .perform

    expect(driver.find_element(id: 'textInput').attribute('value')).to eq 'SeleniumSelenium!'
  end
end
View full example on GitHub
    const cmdCtrl = platform.includes('darwin') ? Key.COMMAND : Key.CONTROL

    await driver.actions()
      .click(textField)
      .sendKeys('Selenium!')
      .sendKeys(Key.ARROW_LEFT)
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys(Key.ARROW_UP)
      .keyUp(Key.SHIFT)
      .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
      .sendKeys('xvv')
      .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
      .perform()
Show full example
const { By, Key, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert')
const { platform } = require('node:process')

describe('Keyboard Action - Keys test', function() {
  let driver

  before(async function() {
    driver = await new Builder().forBrowser('chrome').build();
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('KeyDown', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    await driver.actions()
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('a')
      .perform()

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'A')
  })

  it('KeyUp', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    await textField.click()

    await driver.actions()
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('a')
      .keyUp(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys('b')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'Ab')
  })

  it('sendKeys', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))
    await textField.click()

    await driver.actions()
      .sendKeys('abc')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'abc')
  })

  it('Designated Element', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    await driver.findElement(By.css('body')).click()
    const textField = await driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))

    await driver.actions()
      .sendKeys(textField, 'abc')
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'abc')
  })

  it('Copy and Paste', async function() {
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html')

    const textField = await driver.findElement(By.id('textInput'))

    const cmdCtrl = platform.includes('darwin') ? Key.COMMAND : Key.CONTROL

    await driver.actions()
      .click(textField)
      .sendKeys('Selenium!')
      .sendKeys(Key.ARROW_LEFT)
      .keyDown(Key.SHIFT)
      .sendKeys(Key.ARROW_UP)
      .keyUp(Key.SHIFT)
      .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
      .sendKeys('xvv')
      .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
      .perform()

    assert.deepStrictEqual(await textField.getAttribute('value'), 'SeleniumSelenium!')
  })
})
View full example on GitHub
        val cmdCtrl = if(platformName == Platform.MAC) Keys.COMMAND else Keys.CONTROL

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_UP)
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .sendKeys("xvv")
                .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .perform()
Show full example
package dev.selenium.actions_api

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.HasCapabilities
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions

class KeysTest : BaseTest() {

    @Test
    fun keyDown() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("A", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun keyUp() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("a")
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys("b")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("Ab", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun sendKeysToActiveElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys("abc")
                .perform()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Assertions.assertEquals("abc", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun sendKeysToDesignatedElement() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")
        driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).click()

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .perform()

        Assertions.assertEquals("Selenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }

    @Test
    fun copyAndPaste() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/single_text_input.html")

        val platformName = (driver as HasCapabilities).getCapabilities().getPlatformName()

        val cmdCtrl = if(platformName == Platform.MAC) Keys.COMMAND else Keys.CONTROL

        val textField = driver.findElement(By.id("textInput"))
        Actions(driver)
                .sendKeys(textField, "Selenium!")
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_LEFT)
                .keyDown(Keys.SHIFT)
                .sendKeys(Keys.ARROW_UP)
                .keyUp(Keys.SHIFT)
                .keyDown(cmdCtrl)
                .sendKeys("xvv")
                .keyUp(cmdCtrl)
                .perform()

        Assertions.assertEquals("SeleniumSelenium!", textField.getAttribute("value"))
    }
}
View full example on GitHub
最后修改 August 4, 2024: refactor[js]: update code samples to use mocha and update docs (4e38f3fbcd)