Chrome 特定功能
特定于 Google Chrome 浏览器的功能和特性.
默认情况下，Selenium 4与Chrome v75及更高版本兼容. 但是请注意Chrome浏览器的版本与chromedriver的主版本需要匹配.
Options
所有浏览器的通用功能请看这 Options page.
Chrome浏览器的特有功能可以在谷歌的页面找到: Capabilities & ChromeOptions
基于默认选项的Chrome浏览器会话看起来是这样:
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);Show full example
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers
{
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest
{
private ChromeDriver driver;
private string _logLocation;
[TestCleanup]
public void Cleanup()
{
if (_logLocation != null && File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
File.Delete(_logLocation);
}
driver.Quit();
}
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void Arguments()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void SetBrowserLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.BinaryLocation = GetChromeLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallExtension()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
[TestMethod]
public void ExcludeSwitch()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void LogsToFile()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("Starting ChromeDriver")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsToConsole()
{
var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
var originalOutput = Console.Out;
Console.SetOut(stringWriter);
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
//service.LogToConsole = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
Assert.IsTrue(stringWriter.ToString().Contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
Console.SetOut(originalOutput);
stringWriter.Dispose();
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsLevel()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
// service.LogLevel = ChromiumDriverLogLevel.Debug
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("[DEBUG]:")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void ConfigureDriverLogs()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.EnableAppendLog = true;
// service.readableTimeStamp = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
var regex = new Regex(@"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d");
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => regex.Matches("").Count > 0));
}
[TestMethod]
public void DisableBuildCheck()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains(expected)));
}
private string GetLogLocation()
{
if (_logLocation == null || !File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
_logLocation = Path.GetTempFileName();
}
return _logLocation;
}
private static string GetChromeLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions
{
BrowserVersion = "stable"
};
return new DriverFinder(options).GetBrowserPath();
}
}
} options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: optionsShow full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();Show full example
const Chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');
const { Browser, Builder } = require("selenium-webdriver");
const options = new Chrome.Options();
describe('Should be able to Test Command line arguments', function () {
it('headless', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('exclude switches', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Keep browser open - set detach to true ', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
// As tests runs in ci, quitting the driver instance to avoid any failures
await driver.quit();
});
xit('Start browser from specified location ', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Basic Chrome test', async function () {
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Add Extension', async function () {
const options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addExtensions(['./test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx']))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
});下面是一些不同功能的常见示例:
参数
args 参数用于启动浏览器时要使用的命令行开关列表.
有两个很好的资源可以用于研究这些参数:
常用的参数包括 --start-maximized, --headless=new 以及 --user-data-dir=...
向选项添加参数:
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");Show full example
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers
{
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest
{
private ChromeDriver driver;
private string _logLocation;
[TestCleanup]
public void Cleanup()
{
if (_logLocation != null && File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
File.Delete(_logLocation);
}
driver.Quit();
}
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void Arguments()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void SetBrowserLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.BinaryLocation = GetChromeLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallExtension()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
[TestMethod]
public void ExcludeSwitch()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void LogsToFile()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("Starting ChromeDriver")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsToConsole()
{
var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
var originalOutput = Console.Out;
Console.SetOut(stringWriter);
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
//service.LogToConsole = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
Assert.IsTrue(stringWriter.ToString().Contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
Console.SetOut(originalOutput);
stringWriter.Dispose();
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsLevel()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
// service.LogLevel = ChromiumDriverLogLevel.Debug
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("[DEBUG]:")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void ConfigureDriverLogs()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.EnableAppendLog = true;
// service.readableTimeStamp = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
var regex = new Regex(@"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d");
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => regex.Matches("").Count > 0));
}
[TestMethod]
public void DisableBuildCheck()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains(expected)));
}
private string GetLogLocation()
{
if (_logLocation == null || !File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
_logLocation = Path.GetTempFileName();
}
return _logLocation;
}
private static string GetChromeLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions
{
BrowserVersion = "stable"
};
return new DriverFinder(options).GetBrowserPath();
}
}
} options.args << '--start-maximized'Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();Show full example
const Chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');
const { Browser, Builder } = require("selenium-webdriver");
const options = new Chrome.Options();
describe('Should be able to Test Command line arguments', function () {
it('headless', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('exclude switches', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Keep browser open - set detach to true ', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
// As tests runs in ci, quitting the driver instance to avoid any failures
await driver.quit();
});
xit('Start browser from specified location ', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Basic Chrome test', async function () {
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Add Extension', async function () {
const options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addExtensions(['./test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx']))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
});从指定位置启动浏览器
binary 参数接收一个使用浏览器的备用路径,通过这个参数你可以使用chromedriver 去驱动各种基于Chromium 内核的浏览器.
添加一个浏览器地址到选项中:
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
options.binary_location = chrome_binShow full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
options.BinaryLocation = GetChromeLocation();Show full example
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers
{
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest
{
private ChromeDriver driver;
private string _logLocation;
[TestCleanup]
public void Cleanup()
{
if (_logLocation != null && File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
File.Delete(_logLocation);
}
driver.Quit();
}
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void Arguments()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void SetBrowserLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.BinaryLocation = GetChromeLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallExtension()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
[TestMethod]
public void ExcludeSwitch()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void LogsToFile()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("Starting ChromeDriver")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsToConsole()
{
var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
var originalOutput = Console.Out;
Console.SetOut(stringWriter);
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
//service.LogToConsole = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
Assert.IsTrue(stringWriter.ToString().Contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
Console.SetOut(originalOutput);
stringWriter.Dispose();
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsLevel()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
// service.LogLevel = ChromiumDriverLogLevel.Debug
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("[DEBUG]:")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void ConfigureDriverLogs()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.EnableAppendLog = true;
// service.readableTimeStamp = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
var regex = new Regex(@"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d");
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => regex.Matches("").Count > 0));
}
[TestMethod]
public void DisableBuildCheck()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains(expected)));
}
private string GetLogLocation()
{
if (_logLocation == null || !File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
_logLocation = Path.GetTempFileName();
}
return _logLocation;
}
private static string GetChromeLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions
{
BrowserVersion = "stable"
};
return new DriverFinder(options).GetBrowserPath();
}
}
} options.binary = chrome_locationShow full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();Show full example
const Chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');
const { Browser, Builder } = require("selenium-webdriver");
const options = new Chrome.Options();
describe('Should be able to Test Command line arguments', function () {
it('headless', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('exclude switches', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Keep browser open - set detach to true ', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
// As tests runs in ci, quitting the driver instance to avoid any failures
await driver.quit();
});
xit('Start browser from specified location ', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Basic Chrome test', async function () {
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Add Extension', async function () {
const options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addExtensions(['./test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx']))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
});添加扩展程序
extensions 参数接受crx文件. 至于解压的目录,
请使用 load-extension 参数代替,
正如 这篇文章 所示.
添加一个扩展程序到选项中:
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);Show full example
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers
{
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest
{
private ChromeDriver driver;
private string _logLocation;
[TestCleanup]
public void Cleanup()
{
if (_logLocation != null && File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
File.Delete(_logLocation);
}
driver.Quit();
}
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void Arguments()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void SetBrowserLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.BinaryLocation = GetChromeLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallExtension()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
[TestMethod]
public void ExcludeSwitch()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void LogsToFile()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("Starting ChromeDriver")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsToConsole()
{
var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
var originalOutput = Console.Out;
Console.SetOut(stringWriter);
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
//service.LogToConsole = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
Assert.IsTrue(stringWriter.ToString().Contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
Console.SetOut(originalOutput);
stringWriter.Dispose();
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsLevel()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
// service.LogLevel = ChromiumDriverLogLevel.Debug
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("[DEBUG]:")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void ConfigureDriverLogs()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.EnableAppendLog = true;
// service.readableTimeStamp = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
var regex = new Regex(@"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d");
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => regex.Matches("").Count > 0));
}
[TestMethod]
public void DisableBuildCheck()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains(expected)));
}
private string GetLogLocation()
{
if (_logLocation == null || !File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
_logLocation = Path.GetTempFileName();
}
return _logLocation;
}
private static string GetChromeLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions
{
BrowserVersion = "stable"
};
return new DriverFinder(options).GetBrowserPath();
}
}
} options.add_extension(extension_file_path)Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
const options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addExtensions(['./test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx']))
.build();Show full example
const Chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');
const { Browser, Builder } = require("selenium-webdriver");
const options = new Chrome.Options();
describe('Should be able to Test Command line arguments', function () {
it('headless', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('exclude switches', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Keep browser open - set detach to true ', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
// As tests runs in ci, quitting the driver instance to avoid any failures
await driver.quit();
});
xit('Start browser from specified location ', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Basic Chrome test', async function () {
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Add Extension', async function () {
const options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addExtensions(['./test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx']))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
});保持浏览器的打开状态
将 detach 参数设置为true将在驱动过程结束后保持浏览器的打开状态.
添加一个布尔值到选项中:
Note: This is already the default behavior in Java.
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
Note: This is already the default behavior in .NET.
options.detach = trueShow full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();Show full example
const Chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');
const { Browser, Builder } = require("selenium-webdriver");
const options = new Chrome.Options();
describe('Should be able to Test Command line arguments', function () {
it('headless', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('exclude switches', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Keep browser open - set detach to true ', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
// As tests runs in ci, quitting the driver instance to avoid any failures
await driver.quit();
});
xit('Start browser from specified location ', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Basic Chrome test', async function () {
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Add Extension', async function () {
const options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addExtensions(['./test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx']))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
});排除的参数
Chrome 添加了各种参数，如果你不希望添加某些参数，可以将其传入 excludeSwitches.
一个常见的例子是重新打开弹出窗口阻止程序.
默认参数的完整列表可以参考
Chromium 源码
设置排除参数至选项中:
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");Show full example
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers
{
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest
{
private ChromeDriver driver;
private string _logLocation;
[TestCleanup]
public void Cleanup()
{
if (_logLocation != null && File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
File.Delete(_logLocation);
}
driver.Quit();
}
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void Arguments()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void SetBrowserLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.BinaryLocation = GetChromeLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallExtension()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
[TestMethod]
public void ExcludeSwitch()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void LogsToFile()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("Starting ChromeDriver")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsToConsole()
{
var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
var originalOutput = Console.Out;
Console.SetOut(stringWriter);
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
//service.LogToConsole = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
Assert.IsTrue(stringWriter.ToString().Contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
Console.SetOut(originalOutput);
stringWriter.Dispose();
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsLevel()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
// service.LogLevel = ChromiumDriverLogLevel.Debug
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("[DEBUG]:")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void ConfigureDriverLogs()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.EnableAppendLog = true;
// service.readableTimeStamp = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
var regex = new Regex(@"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d");
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => regex.Matches("").Count > 0));
}
[TestMethod]
public void DisableBuildCheck()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains(expected)));
}
private string GetLogLocation()
{
if (_logLocation == null || !File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
_logLocation = Path.GetTempFileName();
}
return _logLocation;
}
private static string GetChromeLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions
{
BrowserVersion = "stable"
};
return new DriverFinder(options).GetBrowserPath();
}
}
} options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();Show full example
const Chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');
const { Browser, Builder } = require("selenium-webdriver");
const options = new Chrome.Options();
describe('Should be able to Test Command line arguments', function () {
it('headless', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('exclude switches', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Keep browser open - set detach to true ', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
// As tests runs in ci, quitting the driver instance to avoid any failures
await driver.quit();
});
xit('Start browser from specified location ', async function () {
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Basic Chrome test', async function () {
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Add Extension', async function () {
const options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = new Builder()
.forBrowser(Browser.CHROME)
.setChromeOptions(options.addExtensions(['./test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx']))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html');
await driver.quit();
});
});服务
创建默认 Service 对象的示例, 以及用于设置驱动程序位置和端口 可以参考 驱动服务 页面.
日志输出
获取驱动程序日志有助于调试问题. 使用 Service 类, 可以指明日志的路径. 除非用户将其定向到某个位置, 否则将忽略日志记录输出.
文件输出
更改日志记录输出以保存到特定文件:
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
注意: Java 还允许通过系统属性设置文件输出:
属性键: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
属性值: 表示日志文件路径的字符串
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();Show full example
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers
{
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest
{
private ChromeDriver driver;
private string _logLocation;
[TestCleanup]
public void Cleanup()
{
if (_logLocation != null && File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
File.Delete(_logLocation);
}
driver.Quit();
}
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void Arguments()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void SetBrowserLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.BinaryLocation = GetChromeLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallExtension()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
[TestMethod]
public void ExcludeSwitch()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void LogsToFile()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("Starting ChromeDriver")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsToConsole()
{
var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
var originalOutput = Console.Out;
Console.SetOut(stringWriter);
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
//service.LogToConsole = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
Assert.IsTrue(stringWriter.ToString().Contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
Console.SetOut(originalOutput);
stringWriter.Dispose();
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsLevel()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
// service.LogLevel = ChromiumDriverLogLevel.Debug
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("[DEBUG]:")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void ConfigureDriverLogs()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.EnableAppendLog = true;
// service.readableTimeStamp = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
var regex = new Regex(@"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d");
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => regex.Matches("").Count > 0));
}
[TestMethod]
public void DisableBuildCheck()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains(expected)));
}
private string GetLogLocation()
{
if (_logLocation == null || !File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
_logLocation = Path.GetTempFileName();
}
return _logLocation;
}
private static string GetChromeLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions
{
BrowserVersion = "stable"
};
return new DriverFinder(options).GetBrowserPath();
}
}
} service.log = file_nameShow full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
命令行输出
更改日志记录输出以在控制台中显示为标准输出:
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
注意: Java 还允许通过系统属性设置控制台输出;
属性键: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
属性值: DriverService.LOG_STDOUT 或 DriverService.LOG_STDERR
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
$stdout and $stderr are both valid values
service.log = $stdoutShow full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
日志级别
共有六种日志级别: ALL, DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, SEVERE, 以及 OFF.
注意 --verbose 等效于 --log-level=ALL 以及 --silent 等效于 --log-level=OFF,
因此, 此示例只是通用地设置日志级别:
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
注意: Java 还允许通过系统属性设置日志级别:
属性键: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY
属性值: ChromiumDriverLogLevel 枚举的字面值
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
日志文件功能
有 2 个功能仅在写入文件时可用:
- 追加日志
- 可读时间戳
要使用它们, 您还需要显式指定日志路径和日志级别. 日志输出将由驱动程序管理, 而不是由进程管理, 因此可能会看到细微的差异.
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
注意: Java 还允许通过系统属性切换这些功能:
属性键: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_APPEND_LOG_PROPERTY 以及 ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_READABLE_TIMESTAMP
属性值: "true" 或 "false"
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
禁用构建检查
Chromedriver 和 Chrome 浏览器版本应该匹配, 如果它们不匹配, 驱动程序将出错. 如果您停用构建检查功能, 则可以强制将驱动程序与任何版本的 Chrome 一起使用. 请注意, 这是一项不受支持的功能, 并且不会调查 bug.
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
注意: Java 还允许通过系统属性禁用构建检查:
属性键: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_DISABLE_BUILD_CHECK
属性值: "true" 或 "false"
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;Show full example
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers
{
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest
{
private ChromeDriver driver;
private string _logLocation;
[TestCleanup]
public void Cleanup()
{
if (_logLocation != null && File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
File.Delete(_logLocation);
}
driver.Quit();
}
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void Arguments()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void SetBrowserLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.BinaryLocation = GetChromeLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallExtension()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
[TestMethod]
public void ExcludeSwitch()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void LogsToFile()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("Starting ChromeDriver")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsToConsole()
{
var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
var originalOutput = Console.Out;
Console.SetOut(stringWriter);
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
//service.LogToConsole = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
Assert.IsTrue(stringWriter.ToString().Contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
Console.SetOut(originalOutput);
stringWriter.Dispose();
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsLevel()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
// service.LogLevel = ChromiumDriverLogLevel.Debug
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("[DEBUG]:")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void ConfigureDriverLogs()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.EnableAppendLog = true;
// service.readableTimeStamp = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
var regex = new Regex(@"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d");
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => regex.Matches("").Count > 0));
}
[TestMethod]
public void DisableBuildCheck()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains(expected)));
}
private string GetLogLocation()
{
if (_logLocation == null || !File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
_logLocation = Path.GetTempFileName();
}
return _logLocation;
}
private static string GetChromeLocation()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions
{
BrowserVersion = "stable"
};
return new DriverFinder(options).GetBrowserPath();
}
}
} service.args << '--disable-build-check'Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
特殊功能
Casting
你可以驱动 Chrome Cast 设备，包括共享选项卡
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
endShow full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
网络条件
您可以模拟各种网络条件.
以下示例适用于本地 webdrivers. 针对远程 webdrivers, 请参考 Remote WebDriver 页面.
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
日志
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
logs = driver.get_log("browser")Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
权限
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");Show full example
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import dev.selenium.BaseTest;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumNetworkConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverFinder;
public class ChromeTest extends BaseTest {
@AfterEach
public void clearProperties() {
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY);
System.clearProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY);
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void setBrowserLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBinary(getChromeLocation());
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void extensionOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
Path path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
File extensionFilePath = new File(path.toUri());
options.addExtensions(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html");
WebElement injected = driver.findElement(By.id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assertions.assertEquals(
"Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.getText());
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", List.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void loggingPreferences() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
LoggingPreferences logPrefs = new LoggingPreferences();
logPrefs.enable(LogType.PERFORMANCE, Level.ALL);
options.setCapability(ChromeOptions.LOGGING_PREFS, logPrefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
LogEntries logEntries = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.PERFORMANCE);
Assertions.assertFalse(logEntries.getAll().isEmpty());
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToFile", ".log");
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogFile(logLocation).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsToConsole", ".log");
System.setOut(new PrintStream(logLocation));
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogOutput(System.out).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("logsWithLevel", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("configureDriverLogs", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withAppendLog(true).withReadableTimestamp(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
File logLocation = getTempFile("disableBuildChecks", ".log");
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY, logLocation.getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(
ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service =
new ChromeDriverService.Builder().withBuildCheckDisabled(true).build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(logLocation.toPath()));
String expected =
"[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getChromeLocation() {
ChromeOptions options = getDefaultChromeOptions();
options.setBrowserVersion("stable");
DriverFinder finder = new DriverFinder(ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(), options);
return new File(finder.getBrowserPath());
}
@Test
public void setPermission() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
driver.setPermission("camera", "denied");
// Verify the permission state is 'denied'
String script = "return navigator.permissions.query({ name: 'camera' })" +
" .then(permissionStatus => permissionStatus.state);";
String permissionState = (String) driver.executeScript(script);
Assertions.assertEquals("denied", permissionState);
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void setNetworkConditions() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
ChromiumNetworkConditions networkConditions = new ChromiumNetworkConditions();
networkConditions.setOffline(false);
networkConditions.setLatency(java.time.Duration.ofMillis(20)); // 20 ms of latency
networkConditions.setDownloadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
networkConditions.setUploadThroughput(2000 * 1024 / 8); // 2000 kbps
((ChromeDriver) driver).setNetworkConditions(networkConditions);
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev");
// Assert the network conditions are set as expected
ChromiumNetworkConditions actualConditions = ((ChromeDriver) driver).getNetworkConditions();
Assertions.assertAll(
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getOffline(), actualConditions.getOffline()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getLatency(), actualConditions.getLatency()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getDownloadThroughput(), actualConditions.getDownloadThroughput()),
() -> Assertions.assertEquals(networkConditions.getUploadThroughput(), actualConditions.getUploadThroughput())
);
((ChromeDriver) driver).deleteNetworkConditions();
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void castFeatures() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
List<Map<String, String>> sinks = driver.getCastSinks();
if (!sinks.isEmpty()) {
String sinkName = sinks.get(0).get("name");
driver.startTabMirroring(sinkName);
driver.stopCasting(sinkName);
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void getBrowserLogs() {
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html");
WebElement consoleLogButton = driver.findElement(By.id("consoleError"));
consoleLogButton.click();
LogEntries logs = driver.manage().logs().get(LogType.BROWSER);
// Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
boolean logFound = false;
for (LogEntry log : logs) {
if (log.getMessage().contains("I am console error")) {
logFound = true;
break;
}
}
Assertions.assertTrue(logFound, "No matching log message found.");
driver.quit();
}
}
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')Show full example
import os
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
def test_basic_options():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_set_browser_location(chrome_bin):
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.binary_location = chrome_bin
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_add_extension():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
extension_file_path = os.path.abspath("tests/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx")
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html")
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = get_default_chrome_options()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert '[DEBUG]' in err
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_output=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match(r"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(capfd):
service = webdriver.ChromeService(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert expected in err
driver.quit()
def test_set_network_conditions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
network_conditions = {
"offline": False,
"latency": 20, # 20 ms of latency
"download_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
"upload_throughput": 2000 * 1024 / 8, # 2000 kbps
}
driver.set_network_conditions(**network_conditions)
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev")
# check whether the network conditions are set
assert driver.get_network_conditions() == network_conditions
driver.quit()
def test_set_permissions():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev')
driver.set_permissions('camera', 'denied')
assert get_permission_state(driver, 'camera') == 'denied'
driver.quit()
def get_permission_state(driver, name):
"""Helper function to query the permission state."""
script = """
const callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}).then(permissionStatus => {
callback(permissionStatus.state);
});
"""
return driver.execute_async_script(script, name)
def test_cast_features():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
try:
sinks = driver.get_sinks()
if sinks:
sink_name = sinks[0]['name']
driver.start_tab_mirroring(sink_name)
driver.stop_casting(sink_name)
else:
pytest.skip("No available Cast sinks to test with.")
finally:
driver.quit()
def test_get_browser_logs():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/bidi/logEntryAdded.html")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "consoleError").click()
logs = driver.get_log("browser")
# Assert that at least one log contains the expected message
assert any("I am console error" in log['message'] for log in logs), "No matching log message found."
driver.quit()
def get_default_chrome_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
return options
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
let(:chrome_location) { driver_finder && ENV.fetch('CHROME_BIN', nil) }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--start-maximized'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'sets location of binary' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.binary = chrome_location
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add extensions' do
extension_file_path = File.expand_path('../spec_support/extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx', __dir__)
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.add_extension(extension_file_path)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html')
injected = @driver.find_element(:id, 'webextensions-selenium-example')
expect(injected.text).to eq 'Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example'
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'disable-popup-blocking'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
describe 'Special Features' do
it 'casts' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
sinks = @driver.cast_sinks
unless sinks.empty?
device_name = sinks.first['name']
@driver.start_cast_tab_mirroring(device_name)
expect { @driver.stop_casting(device_name) }.not_to raise_exception
end
end
it 'gets and sets network conditions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.network_conditions = {offline: false, latency: 100, throughput: 200}
expect(@driver.network_conditions).to eq(
'offline' => false,
'latency' => 100,
'download_throughput' => 200,
'upload_throughput' => 200)
end
it 'gets the browser logs' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
sleep 1
logs = @driver.logs.get(:browser)
expect(logs.first.message).to include 'Failed to load resource'
end
it 'sets permissions' do
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
@driver.navigate.to 'https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/'
@driver.add_permission('camera', 'denied')
@driver.add_permissions('clipboard-read' => 'denied', 'clipboard-write' => 'prompt')
expect(permission('camera')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-read')).to eq('denied')
expect(permission('clipboard-write')).to eq('prompt')
end
end
def driver_finder
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(browser_version: 'stable')
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
finder = Selenium::WebDriver::DriverFinder.new(options, service)
ENV['CHROMEDRIVER_BIN'] = finder.driver_path
ENV['CHROME_BIN'] = finder.browser_path
end
def permission(name)
@driver.execute_async_script('callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];' \
'callback(navigator.permissions.query({name: arguments[0]}));', name)['state']
end
end
DevTools
详见 Chrome DevTools 部分以获取有关使用Chrome DevTools的更多信息
