这是本节的多页打印视图。 点击此处打印.

返回本页常规视图.

Support features

针对更高层面功能的额外支持类.

Selenium的核心库试图提供底层以及普适的功能. 每种语言的支持类都为常见交互提供特定的包装器, 可用于简化某些行为.

1 - 期望状态的等待

本文档描述了一系列类, 这些类用于明确指定在测试中需要等待的各种条件.

期望状态与 显示等待 一起使用. 与其定义要使用 lambda 执行的代码块, 不如使用 lambda 执行可以创建 Conditions 方法来表示等待的常见事物. 有些方法将定位器作为参数, 有些方法将元素作为参数.

这些方法可以包括以下条件:

  • 元素存在
  • 元素已过期
  • 元素可见
  • 文本可见
  • 标题包含特定值
[Expected Conditions Documentation](https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/docs/api/py/webdriver_support/selenium.webdriver.support.expected_conditions.html)

Add Example

.NET stopped supporting Expected Conditions in Selenium 4 to minimize maintenance hassle and redundancy.
Ruby makes frequent use of blocks, procs and lambdas and does not need Expected Conditions classes

2 - 命令监听器

允许您在每次发送特定 Selenium 命令时执行自定义操作

3 - 同颜色一起工作

在测试中, 您偶尔会需要验证某事物的颜色;问题是网络上的颜色定义不是个常量. 如果有一种简单的方法可以比较颜色的十六进制与RGB呈现, 或者颜色的RGBA与HSLA呈现, 岂不美哉?

不用担心有一个解决方案:Color 类!

首先, 您需要导入该类:

import org.openqa.selenium.support.Color;
  
from selenium.webdriver.support.color import Color
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
include Selenium::WebDriver::Support
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
import org.openqa.selenium.support.Color

您现在可以开始创建颜色对象. 每个颜色对象都需要使用您颜色的字符串定义来创建. 支持的颜色定义如下:

private final Color HEX_COLOUR = Color.fromString("#2F7ED8");
private final Color RGB_COLOUR = Color.fromString("rgb(255, 255, 255)");
private final Color RGB_COLOUR = Color.fromString("rgb(40%, 20%, 40%)");
private final Color RGBA_COLOUR = Color.fromString("rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)");
private final Color RGBA_COLOUR = Color.fromString("rgba(40%, 20%, 40%, 0.5)");
private final Color HSL_COLOUR = Color.fromString("hsl(100, 0%, 50%)");
private final Color HSLA_COLOUR = Color.fromString("hsla(100, 0%, 50%, 0.5)");
  
HEX_COLOUR = Color.from_string('#2F7ED8')
RGB_COLOUR = Color.from_string('rgb(255, 255, 255)')
RGB_COLOUR = Color.from_string('rgb(40%, 20%, 40%)')
RGBA_COLOUR = Color.from_string('rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)')
RGBA_COLOUR = Color.from_string('rgba(40%, 20%, 40%, 0.5)')
HSL_COLOUR = Color.from_string('hsl(100, 0%, 50%)')
HSLA_COLOUR = Color.from_string('hsla(100, 0%, 50%, 0.5)')
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
HEX_COLOUR = Color.from_string('#2F7ED8')
RGB_COLOUR = Color.from_string('rgb(255, 255, 255)')
RGB_COLOUR = Color.from_string('rgb(40%, 20%, 40%)')
RGBA_COLOUR = Color.from_string('rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)')
RGBA_COLOUR = Color.from_string('rgba(40%, 20%, 40%, 0.5)')
HSL_COLOUR = Color.from_string('hsl(100, 0%, 50%)')
HSLA_COLOUR = Color.from_string('hsla(100, 0%, 50%, 0.5)')
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
private val HEX_COLOUR = Color.fromString("#2F7ED8")
private val RGB_COLOUR = Color.fromString("rgb(255, 255, 255)")
private val RGB_COLOUR_PERCENT = Color.fromString("rgb(40%, 20%, 40%)")
private val RGBA_COLOUR = Color.fromString("rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)")
private val RGBA_COLOUR_PERCENT = Color.fromString("rgba(40%, 20%, 40%, 0.5)")
private val HSL_COLOUR = Color.fromString("hsl(100, 0%, 50%)")
private val HSLA_COLOUR = Color.fromString("hsla(100, 0%, 50%, 0.5)")
  

Color类还支持在以下网址中指定的所有基本颜色定义 http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4.

private final Color BLACK = Color.fromString("black");
private final Color CHOCOLATE = Color.fromString("chocolate");
private final Color HOTPINK = Color.fromString("hotpink");
  
BLACK = Color.from_string('black')
CHOCOLATE = Color.from_string('chocolate')
HOTPINK = Color.from_string('hotpink')
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
BLACK = Color.from_string('black')
CHOCOLATE = Color.from_string('chocolate')
HOTPINK = Color.from_string('hotpink')
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
private val BLACK = Color.fromString("black")
private val CHOCOLATE = Color.fromString("chocolate")
private val HOTPINK = Color.fromString("hotpink")
  

如果元素上未设置颜色, 则有时浏览器会返回“透明”的颜色值. Color类也支持此功能:

private final Color TRANSPARENT = Color.fromString("transparent");
  
TRANSPARENT = Color.from_string('transparent')
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
TRANSPARENT = Color.from_string('transparent')
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
private val TRANSPARENT = Color.fromString("transparent")
  

现在, 您可以安全地查询元素以获取其颜色/背景色, 任何响应都将被正确解析并转换为有效的Color对象:

Color loginButtonColour = Color.fromString(driver.findElement(By.id("login")).getCssValue("color"));

Color loginButtonBackgroundColour = Color.fromString(driver.findElement(By.id("login")).getCssValue("background-color"));
  
login_button_colour = Color.from_string(driver.find_element(By.ID,'login').value_of_css_property('color'))

login_button_background_colour = Color.from_string(driver.find_element(By.ID,'login').value_of_css_property('background-color'))
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
login_button_colour = Color.from_string(driver.find_element(id: 'login').css_value('color'))

login_button_background_colour = Color.from_string(driver.find_element(id: 'login').css_value('background-color'))
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
val loginButtonColour = Color.fromString(driver.findElement(By.id("login")).getCssValue("color"))

val loginButtonBackgroundColour = Color.fromString(driver.findElement(By.id("login")).getCssValue("background-color"))
  

然后, 您可以直接比较颜色对象:

assert loginButtonBackgroundColour.equals(HOTPINK);
  
assert login_button_background_colour == HOTPINK
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
assert(login_button_background_colour == HOTPINK)
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
assert(loginButtonBackgroundColour.equals(HOTPINK))
  

或者, 您可以将颜色转换为以下格式之一并执行静态验证:

assert loginButtonBackgroundColour.asHex().equals("#ff69b4");
assert loginButtonBackgroundColour.asRgba().equals("rgba(255, 105, 180, 1)");
assert loginButtonBackgroundColour.asRgb().equals("rgb(255, 105, 180)");
  
assert login_button_background_colour.hex == '#ff69b4'
assert login_button_background_colour.rgba == 'rgba(255, 105, 180, 1)'
assert login_button_background_colour.rgb == 'rgb(255, 105, 180)'
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
assert(login_button_background_colour.hex == '#ff69b4')
assert(login_button_background_colour.rgba == 'rgba(255, 105, 180, 1)')
assert(login_button_background_colour.rgb == 'rgb(255, 105, 180)')
  
// This feature is not implemented - Help us by sending a pr to implement this feature
  
assert(loginButtonBackgroundColour.asHex().equals("#ff69b4"))
assert(loginButtonBackgroundColour.asRgba().equals("rgba(255, 105, 180, 1)"))
assert(loginButtonBackgroundColour.asRgb().equals("rgb(255, 105, 180)"))
  

颜色不再是问题.

4 - 线程守卫

此类仅在Java中可用

ThreadGuard检查是否仅从创建驱动程序的同一线程中调用了驱动程序. 线程问题 (尤其是在Parallel中运行测试时) 可能遇到神秘并且难以诊断错误. 使用此包装器可以防止此类错误,
并且在发生此类情况时会抛出异常.

以下的示例模拟一种线程冲突的情况:

public class DriverClash {
  //thread main (id 1) created this driver
  private WebDriver protectedDriver = ThreadGuard.protect(new ChromeDriver());

  static {
    System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "<Set path to your Chromedriver>");
  }

  //Thread-1 (id 24) is calling the same driver causing the clash to happen
  Runnable r1 = () -> {protectedDriver.get("https://selenium.dev");};
  Thread thr1 = new Thread(r1);

  void runThreads(){
    thr1.start();
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    new DriverClash().runThreads();
  }
}

结果如下所示:

Exception in thread "Thread-1" org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException:
Thread safety error; this instance of WebDriver was constructed
on thread main (id 1)and is being accessed by thread Thread-1 (id 24)
This is not permitted and *will* cause undefined behaviour

正如示例所示:

  • protectedDriver 将在主线程中创建
  • 我们使用Java的 Runnable 启动一个新进程, 并使用一个新的 Thread 运行该进程
  • 这两个 Thread 都会发生冲突, 因为主线程的内存中没有 protectedDriver
  • ThreadGuard.protect 会抛出异常

注意:

这不能代替并发运行时使用 ThreadLocal 管理驱动程序的需求.

5 - 使用选择列表元素

与其他元素相比,选择列表具有特殊的行为.

Select对象现在将为您提供一系列命令, 用于允许您与 <select> 元素进行交互.

如果您使用的是 Java 或 .NET, 请确保您在代码中已正确加载所需的包. 您可以通过GitHub查看下面示例的完整代码.

请注意,此类仅适用于 HTML 元素 selectoption. 这个类将不适用于那些通过 divli 并使用JavaScript遮罩层设计的下拉列表.

类型

选择方法的行为可能会有所不同, 具体取决于正在使用的 <select> 元素的类型.

单选

这是标准的下拉对象,其只能选定一个选项.

<select name="selectomatic">
    <option selected="selected" id="non_multi_option" value="one">One</option>
    <option value="two">Two</option>
    <option value="four">Four</option>
    <option value="still learning how to count, apparently">Still learning how to count, apparently</option>
</select>

复选

此选择列表允许同时选定和取消选择多个选项. 这仅适用于具有 multiple 属性的 <select>元素.

<select name="multi" id="multi" multiple="multiple">
    <option selected="selected" value="eggs">Eggs</option>
    <option value="ham">Ham</option>
    <option selected="selected" value="sausages">Sausages</option>
    <option value="onion gravy">Onion gravy</option>
</select>

构建类

首先定位一个 <select> 元素, 然后借助其初始化一个Select 对象. 请注意, 从 Selenium 4.5 开始, 您无法针对禁用的 <select> 元素构建 Select 对象.

        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class SelectListTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @BeforeEach
    public void navigate() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html");
    }

    @Test
    public void selectOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"));
        WebElement fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"));
        WebElement countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

        select.selectByVisibleText("Four");
        Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByValue("two");
        Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByIndex(3);
        Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void selectMultipleOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
        WebElement gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
        WebElement eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
        WebElement sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

        List<WebElement> optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"));
        List<WebElement> optionList = select.getOptions();
        Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList);

        List<WebElement> selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions();
        List<WebElement> expectedSelection = new ArrayList<WebElement>() {{
            add(eggElement);
            add(sausageElement);
        }};
        Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList);

        select.selectByValue("ham");
        select.selectByValue("onion gravy");
        Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected());

        select.deselectByValue("eggs");
        select.deselectByValue("sausages");
        Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void disabledOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
            select.selectByValue("disabled");
        });
    }
}
    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'selectomatic')
    select = Select(select_element)
Show full example
import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select


def test_select_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'selectomatic')
    select = Select(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by_visible_text('Four')
    assert four_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_value('two')
    assert two_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_index(3)
    assert count_element.is_selected()


def test_select_multiple_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'multi')
    select = Select(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    assert option_elements == option_list

    selected_option_list = select.all_selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    assert selected_option_list == expected_selection

    select.select_by_value('ham')
    select.select_by_value('onion gravy')
    assert ham_element.is_selected()
    assert gravy_element.is_selected()

    select.deselect_by_value('eggs')
    select.deselect_by_value('sausages')
    assert not egg_element.is_selected()
    assert not sausage_element.is_selected()

def test_disabled_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'single_disabled')
    select = Select(select_element)

    with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
        select.select_by_value('disabled')
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("selectomatic"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);
Show full example
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Support
{
    [TestClass]
    public class SelectListTest : BaseChromeTest
    {
        [TestInitialize]
        public void Navigate()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html";
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("selectomatic"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var twoElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=two]"));
            var fourElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=four]"));
            var countElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

            select.SelectByText("Four");
            Assert.IsTrue(fourElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByValue("two");
            Assert.IsTrue(twoElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByIndex(3);
            Assert.IsTrue(countElement.Selected);

        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectMultipleOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("multi"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var hamElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
            var gravyElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
            var eggElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
            var sausageElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

            IList<IWebElement> optionList = select.Options;
            IWebElement[] optionElements = selectElement.FindElements(By.TagName("option")).ToArray();
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(optionElements, optionList.ToArray());

            IList<IWebElement> selectedOptionList = select.AllSelectedOptions;
            IWebElement[] expectedSelection = { eggElement, sausageElement };
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList.ToArray());

            select.SelectByValue("ham");
            select.SelectByValue("onion gravy");
            Assert.IsTrue(hamElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsTrue(gravyElement.Selected);

            select.DeselectByValue("eggs");
            select.DeselectByValue("sausages");
            Assert.IsFalse(eggElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsFalse(sausageElement.Selected);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void DisabledOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("single_disabled"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() => select.SelectByValue("disabled"));
        }
    }
}
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'selectomatic')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Select List' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  before do
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  end

  it 'select options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'selectomatic')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by(:text, 'Four')
    expect(four_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:value, 'two')
    expect(two_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:index, 3)
    expect(count_element).to be_selected
  end

  it 'select multiple options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'multi')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(tag_name: 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    expect(option_elements).to eq option_list

    selected_option_list = select.selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    expect(selected_option_list).to eq expected_selection

    select.select_by(:value, 'ham')
    select.select_by(:value, 'onion gravy')
    expect(ham_element).to be_selected
    expect(gravy_element).to be_selected

    select.deselect_by(:value, 'eggs')
    select.deselect_by(:value, 'sausages')
    expect(egg_element).not_to be_selected
    expect(sausage_element).not_to be_selected
  end

  it 'disabled options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'single_disabled')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    expect {
      select.select_by(:value, 'disabled')
    }.to raise_exception(Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnsupportedOperationError)
  end
end

  it('Select an option', async function () {
Show full example

const {By, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert/strict')
const {Select} = require('selenium-webdriver')


describe('Select Tests', async function () {
  let driver

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.FIREFOX)
      .build()
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('Select an option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('selectomatic'))
    const select = new Select(selectElement)

    const twoElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=two]'))
    const fourElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=four]'))
    const countElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))

    await select.selectByVisibleText('Four')
    assert.equal(true, await fourElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByValue('two')
    assert.equal(true, await twoElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByIndex(3)
    assert.equal(true, await countElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Select by multiple options', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('multi'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    const hamElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=ham]'))
    const gravyElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    const eggElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=eggs]'))
    const sausageElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='sausages']"))

    const optionElements = await selectElement.findElements(By.css('option'))
    const optionList = await select.getOptions()
    assert.equal(optionList.length, optionElements.length)
    for (const index in optionList) {
      assert.equal(await optionList[index].getText(), await optionElements[index].getText())
    }

    const selectedOptionList = await select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    const expectedSelection = [eggElement, sausageElement]
    assert.equal(expectedSelection.length, selectedOptionList.length)
    for (const index in selectedOptionList) {
      assert.equal(await selectedOptionList[index].getText(), await expectedSelection[index].getText())
    }

    await select.selectByValue('ham')
    await select.selectByValue('onion gravy')
    assert.equal(true, await hamElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(true, await gravyElement.isSelected())

    await select.deselectByValue('eggs')
    await select.deselectByValue('sausages')
    assert.equal(false, await eggElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(false, await sausageElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Try selecting disabled option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('single_disabled'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    await assert.rejects(async () => {
      await select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }, {
      name: 'UnsupportedOperationError',
      message: 'You may not select a disabled option'
    })
  })
})
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select

class SelectListTest : BaseTest() {
  
  @BeforeEach
  fun navigate() {
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html")
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"))
    val fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"))
    val countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))
    
    select.selectByVisibleText("Four")
    Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByValue("two")
    Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByIndex(3)
    Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected())
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectMultipleOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"))
    val gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    val eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"))
    val sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"))

    val optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"))
    val optionList = select.getOptions()
    Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList)

    val selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    val expectedSelection = ArrayList<WebElement>() 
      expectedSelection.add(eggElement)
      expectedSelection.add(sausageElement)

    Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList)

    select.selectByValue("ham")
    select.selectByValue("onion gravy")
    Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected())

    select.deselectByValue("eggs")
    select.deselectByValue("sausages")
    Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected())
  }

  @Test
  fun disabledOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException::class.java) {
      select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }
  }
}

选项列表

共有两种列表可以被获取:

全部选项

获取 <select> 元素中所有选项列表:

        List<WebElement> optionList = select.getOptions();
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class SelectListTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @BeforeEach
    public void navigate() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html");
    }

    @Test
    public void selectOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"));
        WebElement fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"));
        WebElement countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

        select.selectByVisibleText("Four");
        Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByValue("two");
        Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByIndex(3);
        Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void selectMultipleOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
        WebElement gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
        WebElement eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
        WebElement sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

        List<WebElement> optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"));
        List<WebElement> optionList = select.getOptions();
        Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList);

        List<WebElement> selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions();
        List<WebElement> expectedSelection = new ArrayList<WebElement>() {{
            add(eggElement);
            add(sausageElement);
        }};
        Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList);

        select.selectByValue("ham");
        select.selectByValue("onion gravy");
        Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected());

        select.deselectByValue("eggs");
        select.deselectByValue("sausages");
        Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void disabledOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
            select.selectByValue("disabled");
        });
    }
}
    option_list = select.options
Show full example
import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select


def test_select_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'selectomatic')
    select = Select(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by_visible_text('Four')
    assert four_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_value('two')
    assert two_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_index(3)
    assert count_element.is_selected()


def test_select_multiple_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'multi')
    select = Select(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    assert option_elements == option_list

    selected_option_list = select.all_selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    assert selected_option_list == expected_selection

    select.select_by_value('ham')
    select.select_by_value('onion gravy')
    assert ham_element.is_selected()
    assert gravy_element.is_selected()

    select.deselect_by_value('eggs')
    select.deselect_by_value('sausages')
    assert not egg_element.is_selected()
    assert not sausage_element.is_selected()

def test_disabled_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'single_disabled')
    select = Select(select_element)

    with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
        select.select_by_value('disabled')
            IList<IWebElement> optionList = select.Options;
Show full example
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Support
{
    [TestClass]
    public class SelectListTest : BaseChromeTest
    {
        [TestInitialize]
        public void Navigate()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html";
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("selectomatic"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var twoElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=two]"));
            var fourElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=four]"));
            var countElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

            select.SelectByText("Four");
            Assert.IsTrue(fourElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByValue("two");
            Assert.IsTrue(twoElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByIndex(3);
            Assert.IsTrue(countElement.Selected);

        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectMultipleOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("multi"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var hamElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
            var gravyElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
            var eggElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
            var sausageElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

            IList<IWebElement> optionList = select.Options;
            IWebElement[] optionElements = selectElement.FindElements(By.TagName("option")).ToArray();
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(optionElements, optionList.ToArray());

            IList<IWebElement> selectedOptionList = select.AllSelectedOptions;
            IWebElement[] expectedSelection = { eggElement, sausageElement };
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList.ToArray());

            select.SelectByValue("ham");
            select.SelectByValue("onion gravy");
            Assert.IsTrue(hamElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsTrue(gravyElement.Selected);

            select.DeselectByValue("eggs");
            select.DeselectByValue("sausages");
            Assert.IsFalse(eggElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsFalse(sausageElement.Selected);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void DisabledOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("single_disabled"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() => select.SelectByValue("disabled"));
        }
    }
}
    option_list = select.options
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Select List' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  before do
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  end

  it 'select options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'selectomatic')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by(:text, 'Four')
    expect(four_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:value, 'two')
    expect(two_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:index, 3)
    expect(count_element).to be_selected
  end

  it 'select multiple options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'multi')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(tag_name: 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    expect(option_elements).to eq option_list

    selected_option_list = select.selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    expect(selected_option_list).to eq expected_selection

    select.select_by(:value, 'ham')
    select.select_by(:value, 'onion gravy')
    expect(ham_element).to be_selected
    expect(gravy_element).to be_selected

    select.deselect_by(:value, 'eggs')
    select.deselect_by(:value, 'sausages')
    expect(egg_element).not_to be_selected
    expect(sausage_element).not_to be_selected
  end

  it 'disabled options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'single_disabled')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    expect {
      select.select_by(:value, 'disabled')
    }.to raise_exception(Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnsupportedOperationError)
  end
end

Show full example

const {By, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert/strict')
const {Select} = require('selenium-webdriver')


describe('Select Tests', async function () {
  let driver

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.FIREFOX)
      .build()
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('Select an option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('selectomatic'))
    const select = new Select(selectElement)

    const twoElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=two]'))
    const fourElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=four]'))
    const countElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))

    await select.selectByVisibleText('Four')
    assert.equal(true, await fourElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByValue('two')
    assert.equal(true, await twoElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByIndex(3)
    assert.equal(true, await countElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Select by multiple options', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('multi'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    const hamElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=ham]'))
    const gravyElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    const eggElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=eggs]'))
    const sausageElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='sausages']"))

    const optionElements = await selectElement.findElements(By.css('option'))
    const optionList = await select.getOptions()
    assert.equal(optionList.length, optionElements.length)
    for (const index in optionList) {
      assert.equal(await optionList[index].getText(), await optionElements[index].getText())
    }

    const selectedOptionList = await select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    const expectedSelection = [eggElement, sausageElement]
    assert.equal(expectedSelection.length, selectedOptionList.length)
    for (const index in selectedOptionList) {
      assert.equal(await selectedOptionList[index].getText(), await expectedSelection[index].getText())
    }

    await select.selectByValue('ham')
    await select.selectByValue('onion gravy')
    assert.equal(true, await hamElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(true, await gravyElement.isSelected())

    await select.deselectByValue('eggs')
    await select.deselectByValue('sausages')
    assert.equal(false, await eggElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(false, await sausageElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Try selecting disabled option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('single_disabled'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    await assert.rejects(async () => {
      await select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }, {
      name: 'UnsupportedOperationError',
      message: 'You may not select a disabled option'
    })
  })
})
    val optionList = select.getOptions()
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select

class SelectListTest : BaseTest() {
  
  @BeforeEach
  fun navigate() {
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html")
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"))
    val fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"))
    val countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))
    
    select.selectByVisibleText("Four")
    Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByValue("two")
    Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByIndex(3)
    Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected())
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectMultipleOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"))
    val gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    val eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"))
    val sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"))

    val optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"))
    val optionList = select.getOptions()
    Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList)

    val selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    val expectedSelection = ArrayList<WebElement>() 
      expectedSelection.add(eggElement)
      expectedSelection.add(sausageElement)

    Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList)

    select.selectByValue("ham")
    select.selectByValue("onion gravy")
    Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected())

    select.deselectByValue("eggs")
    select.deselectByValue("sausages")
    Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected())
  }

  @Test
  fun disabledOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException::class.java) {
      select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }
  }
}

选中的选项

获取 <select> 元素中所选中的选项列表. 对于标准选择列表这将只是一个包含一个元素的列表, 对于复选列表则表示包含的零个或多个元素.

        List<WebElement> selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions();
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class SelectListTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @BeforeEach
    public void navigate() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html");
    }

    @Test
    public void selectOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"));
        WebElement fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"));
        WebElement countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

        select.selectByVisibleText("Four");
        Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByValue("two");
        Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByIndex(3);
        Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void selectMultipleOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
        WebElement gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
        WebElement eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
        WebElement sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

        List<WebElement> optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"));
        List<WebElement> optionList = select.getOptions();
        Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList);

        List<WebElement> selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions();
        List<WebElement> expectedSelection = new ArrayList<WebElement>() {{
            add(eggElement);
            add(sausageElement);
        }};
        Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList);

        select.selectByValue("ham");
        select.selectByValue("onion gravy");
        Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected());

        select.deselectByValue("eggs");
        select.deselectByValue("sausages");
        Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void disabledOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
            select.selectByValue("disabled");
        });
    }
}
    selected_option_list = select.all_selected_options
Show full example
import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select


def test_select_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'selectomatic')
    select = Select(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by_visible_text('Four')
    assert four_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_value('two')
    assert two_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_index(3)
    assert count_element.is_selected()


def test_select_multiple_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'multi')
    select = Select(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    assert option_elements == option_list

    selected_option_list = select.all_selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    assert selected_option_list == expected_selection

    select.select_by_value('ham')
    select.select_by_value('onion gravy')
    assert ham_element.is_selected()
    assert gravy_element.is_selected()

    select.deselect_by_value('eggs')
    select.deselect_by_value('sausages')
    assert not egg_element.is_selected()
    assert not sausage_element.is_selected()

def test_disabled_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'single_disabled')
    select = Select(select_element)

    with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
        select.select_by_value('disabled')
            IList<IWebElement> selectedOptionList = select.AllSelectedOptions;
Show full example
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Support
{
    [TestClass]
    public class SelectListTest : BaseChromeTest
    {
        [TestInitialize]
        public void Navigate()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html";
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("selectomatic"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var twoElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=two]"));
            var fourElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=four]"));
            var countElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

            select.SelectByText("Four");
            Assert.IsTrue(fourElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByValue("two");
            Assert.IsTrue(twoElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByIndex(3);
            Assert.IsTrue(countElement.Selected);

        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectMultipleOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("multi"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var hamElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
            var gravyElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
            var eggElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
            var sausageElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

            IList<IWebElement> optionList = select.Options;
            IWebElement[] optionElements = selectElement.FindElements(By.TagName("option")).ToArray();
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(optionElements, optionList.ToArray());

            IList<IWebElement> selectedOptionList = select.AllSelectedOptions;
            IWebElement[] expectedSelection = { eggElement, sausageElement };
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList.ToArray());

            select.SelectByValue("ham");
            select.SelectByValue("onion gravy");
            Assert.IsTrue(hamElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsTrue(gravyElement.Selected);

            select.DeselectByValue("eggs");
            select.DeselectByValue("sausages");
            Assert.IsFalse(eggElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsFalse(sausageElement.Selected);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void DisabledOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("single_disabled"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() => select.SelectByValue("disabled"));
        }
    }
}
    selected_option_list = select.selected_options
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Select List' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  before do
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  end

  it 'select options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'selectomatic')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by(:text, 'Four')
    expect(four_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:value, 'two')
    expect(two_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:index, 3)
    expect(count_element).to be_selected
  end

  it 'select multiple options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'multi')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(tag_name: 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    expect(option_elements).to eq option_list

    selected_option_list = select.selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    expect(selected_option_list).to eq expected_selection

    select.select_by(:value, 'ham')
    select.select_by(:value, 'onion gravy')
    expect(ham_element).to be_selected
    expect(gravy_element).to be_selected

    select.deselect_by(:value, 'eggs')
    select.deselect_by(:value, 'sausages')
    expect(egg_element).not_to be_selected
    expect(sausage_element).not_to be_selected
  end

  it 'disabled options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'single_disabled')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    expect {
      select.select_by(:value, 'disabled')
    }.to raise_exception(Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnsupportedOperationError)
  end
end
    }
Show full example

const {By, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert/strict')
const {Select} = require('selenium-webdriver')


describe('Select Tests', async function () {
  let driver

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.FIREFOX)
      .build()
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('Select an option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('selectomatic'))
    const select = new Select(selectElement)

    const twoElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=two]'))
    const fourElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=four]'))
    const countElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))

    await select.selectByVisibleText('Four')
    assert.equal(true, await fourElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByValue('two')
    assert.equal(true, await twoElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByIndex(3)
    assert.equal(true, await countElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Select by multiple options', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('multi'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    const hamElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=ham]'))
    const gravyElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    const eggElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=eggs]'))
    const sausageElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='sausages']"))

    const optionElements = await selectElement.findElements(By.css('option'))
    const optionList = await select.getOptions()
    assert.equal(optionList.length, optionElements.length)
    for (const index in optionList) {
      assert.equal(await optionList[index].getText(), await optionElements[index].getText())
    }

    const selectedOptionList = await select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    const expectedSelection = [eggElement, sausageElement]
    assert.equal(expectedSelection.length, selectedOptionList.length)
    for (const index in selectedOptionList) {
      assert.equal(await selectedOptionList[index].getText(), await expectedSelection[index].getText())
    }

    await select.selectByValue('ham')
    await select.selectByValue('onion gravy')
    assert.equal(true, await hamElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(true, await gravyElement.isSelected())

    await select.deselectByValue('eggs')
    await select.deselectByValue('sausages')
    assert.equal(false, await eggElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(false, await sausageElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Try selecting disabled option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('single_disabled'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    await assert.rejects(async () => {
      await select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }, {
      name: 'UnsupportedOperationError',
      message: 'You may not select a disabled option'
    })
  })
})
    val selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions()
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select

class SelectListTest : BaseTest() {
  
  @BeforeEach
  fun navigate() {
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html")
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"))
    val fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"))
    val countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))
    
    select.selectByVisibleText("Four")
    Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByValue("two")
    Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByIndex(3)
    Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected())
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectMultipleOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"))
    val gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    val eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"))
    val sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"))

    val optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"))
    val optionList = select.getOptions()
    Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList)

    val selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    val expectedSelection = ArrayList<WebElement>() 
      expectedSelection.add(eggElement)
      expectedSelection.add(sausageElement)

    Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList)

    select.selectByValue("ham")
    select.selectByValue("onion gravy")
    Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected())

    select.deselectByValue("eggs")
    select.deselectByValue("sausages")
    Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected())
  }

  @Test
  fun disabledOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException::class.java) {
      select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }
  }
}

选项

Select类提供了三种选择选项的方法. 请注意, 对于复选类型的选择列, 对于要选择的每个元素可以重复使用这些方法.

文本

根据其可见文本选择选项

        select.selectByVisibleText("Four");
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class SelectListTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @BeforeEach
    public void navigate() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html");
    }

    @Test
    public void selectOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"));
        WebElement fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"));
        WebElement countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

        select.selectByVisibleText("Four");
        Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByValue("two");
        Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByIndex(3);
        Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void selectMultipleOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
        WebElement gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
        WebElement eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
        WebElement sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

        List<WebElement> optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"));
        List<WebElement> optionList = select.getOptions();
        Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList);

        List<WebElement> selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions();
        List<WebElement> expectedSelection = new ArrayList<WebElement>() {{
            add(eggElement);
            add(sausageElement);
        }};
        Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList);

        select.selectByValue("ham");
        select.selectByValue("onion gravy");
        Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected());

        select.deselectByValue("eggs");
        select.deselectByValue("sausages");
        Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void disabledOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
            select.selectByValue("disabled");
        });
    }
}
    select.select_by_visible_text('Four')
Show full example
import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select


def test_select_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'selectomatic')
    select = Select(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by_visible_text('Four')
    assert four_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_value('two')
    assert two_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_index(3)
    assert count_element.is_selected()


def test_select_multiple_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'multi')
    select = Select(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    assert option_elements == option_list

    selected_option_list = select.all_selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    assert selected_option_list == expected_selection

    select.select_by_value('ham')
    select.select_by_value('onion gravy')
    assert ham_element.is_selected()
    assert gravy_element.is_selected()

    select.deselect_by_value('eggs')
    select.deselect_by_value('sausages')
    assert not egg_element.is_selected()
    assert not sausage_element.is_selected()

def test_disabled_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'single_disabled')
    select = Select(select_element)

    with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
        select.select_by_value('disabled')
            select.SelectByText("Four");
Show full example
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Support
{
    [TestClass]
    public class SelectListTest : BaseChromeTest
    {
        [TestInitialize]
        public void Navigate()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html";
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("selectomatic"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var twoElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=two]"));
            var fourElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=four]"));
            var countElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

            select.SelectByText("Four");
            Assert.IsTrue(fourElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByValue("two");
            Assert.IsTrue(twoElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByIndex(3);
            Assert.IsTrue(countElement.Selected);

        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectMultipleOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("multi"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var hamElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
            var gravyElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
            var eggElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
            var sausageElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

            IList<IWebElement> optionList = select.Options;
            IWebElement[] optionElements = selectElement.FindElements(By.TagName("option")).ToArray();
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(optionElements, optionList.ToArray());

            IList<IWebElement> selectedOptionList = select.AllSelectedOptions;
            IWebElement[] expectedSelection = { eggElement, sausageElement };
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList.ToArray());

            select.SelectByValue("ham");
            select.SelectByValue("onion gravy");
            Assert.IsTrue(hamElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsTrue(gravyElement.Selected);

            select.DeselectByValue("eggs");
            select.DeselectByValue("sausages");
            Assert.IsFalse(eggElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsFalse(sausageElement.Selected);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void DisabledOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("single_disabled"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() => select.SelectByValue("disabled"));
        }
    }
}
    select.select_by(:text, 'Four')
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Select List' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  before do
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  end

  it 'select options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'selectomatic')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by(:text, 'Four')
    expect(four_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:value, 'two')
    expect(two_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:index, 3)
    expect(count_element).to be_selected
  end

  it 'select multiple options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'multi')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(tag_name: 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    expect(option_elements).to eq option_list

    selected_option_list = select.selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    expect(selected_option_list).to eq expected_selection

    select.select_by(:value, 'ham')
    select.select_by(:value, 'onion gravy')
    expect(ham_element).to be_selected
    expect(gravy_element).to be_selected

    select.deselect_by(:value, 'eggs')
    select.deselect_by(:value, 'sausages')
    expect(egg_element).not_to be_selected
    expect(sausage_element).not_to be_selected
  end

  it 'disabled options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'single_disabled')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    expect {
      select.select_by(:value, 'disabled')
    }.to raise_exception(Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnsupportedOperationError)
  end
end
    const countElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))
Show full example

const {By, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert/strict')
const {Select} = require('selenium-webdriver')


describe('Select Tests', async function () {
  let driver

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.FIREFOX)
      .build()
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('Select an option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('selectomatic'))
    const select = new Select(selectElement)

    const twoElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=two]'))
    const fourElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=four]'))
    const countElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))

    await select.selectByVisibleText('Four')
    assert.equal(true, await fourElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByValue('two')
    assert.equal(true, await twoElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByIndex(3)
    assert.equal(true, await countElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Select by multiple options', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('multi'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    const hamElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=ham]'))
    const gravyElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    const eggElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=eggs]'))
    const sausageElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='sausages']"))

    const optionElements = await selectElement.findElements(By.css('option'))
    const optionList = await select.getOptions()
    assert.equal(optionList.length, optionElements.length)
    for (const index in optionList) {
      assert.equal(await optionList[index].getText(), await optionElements[index].getText())
    }

    const selectedOptionList = await select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    const expectedSelection = [eggElement, sausageElement]
    assert.equal(expectedSelection.length, selectedOptionList.length)
    for (const index in selectedOptionList) {
      assert.equal(await selectedOptionList[index].getText(), await expectedSelection[index].getText())
    }

    await select.selectByValue('ham')
    await select.selectByValue('onion gravy')
    assert.equal(true, await hamElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(true, await gravyElement.isSelected())

    await select.deselectByValue('eggs')
    await select.deselectByValue('sausages')
    assert.equal(false, await eggElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(false, await sausageElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Try selecting disabled option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('single_disabled'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    await assert.rejects(async () => {
      await select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }, {
      name: 'UnsupportedOperationError',
      message: 'You may not select a disabled option'
    })
  })
})
    select.selectByVisibleText("Four")
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select

class SelectListTest : BaseTest() {
  
  @BeforeEach
  fun navigate() {
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html")
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"))
    val fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"))
    val countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))
    
    select.selectByVisibleText("Four")
    Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByValue("two")
    Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByIndex(3)
    Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected())
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectMultipleOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"))
    val gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    val eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"))
    val sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"))

    val optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"))
    val optionList = select.getOptions()
    Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList)

    val selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    val expectedSelection = ArrayList<WebElement>() 
      expectedSelection.add(eggElement)
      expectedSelection.add(sausageElement)

    Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList)

    select.selectByValue("ham")
    select.selectByValue("onion gravy")
    Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected())

    select.deselectByValue("eggs")
    select.deselectByValue("sausages")
    Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected())
  }

  @Test
  fun disabledOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException::class.java) {
      select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }
  }
}

根据其值属性选择选项

        select.selectByValue("two");
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class SelectListTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @BeforeEach
    public void navigate() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html");
    }

    @Test
    public void selectOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"));
        WebElement fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"));
        WebElement countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

        select.selectByVisibleText("Four");
        Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByValue("two");
        Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByIndex(3);
        Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void selectMultipleOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
        WebElement gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
        WebElement eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
        WebElement sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

        List<WebElement> optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"));
        List<WebElement> optionList = select.getOptions();
        Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList);

        List<WebElement> selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions();
        List<WebElement> expectedSelection = new ArrayList<WebElement>() {{
            add(eggElement);
            add(sausageElement);
        }};
        Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList);

        select.selectByValue("ham");
        select.selectByValue("onion gravy");
        Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected());

        select.deselectByValue("eggs");
        select.deselectByValue("sausages");
        Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void disabledOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
            select.selectByValue("disabled");
        });
    }
}
    select.select_by_value('two')
Show full example
import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select


def test_select_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'selectomatic')
    select = Select(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by_visible_text('Four')
    assert four_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_value('two')
    assert two_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_index(3)
    assert count_element.is_selected()


def test_select_multiple_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'multi')
    select = Select(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    assert option_elements == option_list

    selected_option_list = select.all_selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    assert selected_option_list == expected_selection

    select.select_by_value('ham')
    select.select_by_value('onion gravy')
    assert ham_element.is_selected()
    assert gravy_element.is_selected()

    select.deselect_by_value('eggs')
    select.deselect_by_value('sausages')
    assert not egg_element.is_selected()
    assert not sausage_element.is_selected()

def test_disabled_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'single_disabled')
    select = Select(select_element)

    with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
        select.select_by_value('disabled')
            select.SelectByValue("two");
Show full example
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Support
{
    [TestClass]
    public class SelectListTest : BaseChromeTest
    {
        [TestInitialize]
        public void Navigate()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html";
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("selectomatic"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var twoElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=two]"));
            var fourElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=four]"));
            var countElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

            select.SelectByText("Four");
            Assert.IsTrue(fourElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByValue("two");
            Assert.IsTrue(twoElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByIndex(3);
            Assert.IsTrue(countElement.Selected);

        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectMultipleOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("multi"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var hamElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
            var gravyElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
            var eggElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
            var sausageElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

            IList<IWebElement> optionList = select.Options;
            IWebElement[] optionElements = selectElement.FindElements(By.TagName("option")).ToArray();
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(optionElements, optionList.ToArray());

            IList<IWebElement> selectedOptionList = select.AllSelectedOptions;
            IWebElement[] expectedSelection = { eggElement, sausageElement };
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList.ToArray());

            select.SelectByValue("ham");
            select.SelectByValue("onion gravy");
            Assert.IsTrue(hamElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsTrue(gravyElement.Selected);

            select.DeselectByValue("eggs");
            select.DeselectByValue("sausages");
            Assert.IsFalse(eggElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsFalse(sausageElement.Selected);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void DisabledOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("single_disabled"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() => select.SelectByValue("disabled"));
        }
    }
}
    select.select_by(:value, 'two')
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Select List' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  before do
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  end

  it 'select options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'selectomatic')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by(:text, 'Four')
    expect(four_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:value, 'two')
    expect(two_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:index, 3)
    expect(count_element).to be_selected
  end

  it 'select multiple options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'multi')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(tag_name: 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    expect(option_elements).to eq option_list

    selected_option_list = select.selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    expect(selected_option_list).to eq expected_selection

    select.select_by(:value, 'ham')
    select.select_by(:value, 'onion gravy')
    expect(ham_element).to be_selected
    expect(gravy_element).to be_selected

    select.deselect_by(:value, 'eggs')
    select.deselect_by(:value, 'sausages')
    expect(egg_element).not_to be_selected
    expect(sausage_element).not_to be_selected
  end

  it 'disabled options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'single_disabled')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    expect {
      select.select_by(:value, 'disabled')
    }.to raise_exception(Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnsupportedOperationError)
  end
end
    assert.equal(true, await fourElement.isSelected())
Show full example

const {By, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert/strict')
const {Select} = require('selenium-webdriver')


describe('Select Tests', async function () {
  let driver

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.FIREFOX)
      .build()
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('Select an option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('selectomatic'))
    const select = new Select(selectElement)

    const twoElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=two]'))
    const fourElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=four]'))
    const countElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))

    await select.selectByVisibleText('Four')
    assert.equal(true, await fourElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByValue('two')
    assert.equal(true, await twoElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByIndex(3)
    assert.equal(true, await countElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Select by multiple options', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('multi'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    const hamElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=ham]'))
    const gravyElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    const eggElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=eggs]'))
    const sausageElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='sausages']"))

    const optionElements = await selectElement.findElements(By.css('option'))
    const optionList = await select.getOptions()
    assert.equal(optionList.length, optionElements.length)
    for (const index in optionList) {
      assert.equal(await optionList[index].getText(), await optionElements[index].getText())
    }

    const selectedOptionList = await select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    const expectedSelection = [eggElement, sausageElement]
    assert.equal(expectedSelection.length, selectedOptionList.length)
    for (const index in selectedOptionList) {
      assert.equal(await selectedOptionList[index].getText(), await expectedSelection[index].getText())
    }

    await select.selectByValue('ham')
    await select.selectByValue('onion gravy')
    assert.equal(true, await hamElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(true, await gravyElement.isSelected())

    await select.deselectByValue('eggs')
    await select.deselectByValue('sausages')
    assert.equal(false, await eggElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(false, await sausageElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Try selecting disabled option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('single_disabled'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    await assert.rejects(async () => {
      await select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }, {
      name: 'UnsupportedOperationError',
      message: 'You may not select a disabled option'
    })
  })
})
    select.selectByValue("two")
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select

class SelectListTest : BaseTest() {
  
  @BeforeEach
  fun navigate() {
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html")
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"))
    val fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"))
    val countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))
    
    select.selectByVisibleText("Four")
    Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByValue("two")
    Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByIndex(3)
    Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected())
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectMultipleOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"))
    val gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    val eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"))
    val sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"))

    val optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"))
    val optionList = select.getOptions()
    Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList)

    val selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    val expectedSelection = ArrayList<WebElement>() 
      expectedSelection.add(eggElement)
      expectedSelection.add(sausageElement)

    Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList)

    select.selectByValue("ham")
    select.selectByValue("onion gravy")
    Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected())

    select.deselectByValue("eggs")
    select.deselectByValue("sausages")
    Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected())
  }

  @Test
  fun disabledOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException::class.java) {
      select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }
  }
}

序号

根据其在列表中的位置选择选项

        select.selectByIndex(3);
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class SelectListTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @BeforeEach
    public void navigate() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html");
    }

    @Test
    public void selectOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"));
        WebElement fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"));
        WebElement countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

        select.selectByVisibleText("Four");
        Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByValue("two");
        Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByIndex(3);
        Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void selectMultipleOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
        WebElement gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
        WebElement eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
        WebElement sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

        List<WebElement> optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"));
        List<WebElement> optionList = select.getOptions();
        Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList);

        List<WebElement> selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions();
        List<WebElement> expectedSelection = new ArrayList<WebElement>() {{
            add(eggElement);
            add(sausageElement);
        }};
        Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList);

        select.selectByValue("ham");
        select.selectByValue("onion gravy");
        Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected());

        select.deselectByValue("eggs");
        select.deselectByValue("sausages");
        Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void disabledOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
            select.selectByValue("disabled");
        });
    }
}
    select.select_by_index(3)
Show full example
import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select


def test_select_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'selectomatic')
    select = Select(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by_visible_text('Four')
    assert four_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_value('two')
    assert two_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_index(3)
    assert count_element.is_selected()


def test_select_multiple_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'multi')
    select = Select(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    assert option_elements == option_list

    selected_option_list = select.all_selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    assert selected_option_list == expected_selection

    select.select_by_value('ham')
    select.select_by_value('onion gravy')
    assert ham_element.is_selected()
    assert gravy_element.is_selected()

    select.deselect_by_value('eggs')
    select.deselect_by_value('sausages')
    assert not egg_element.is_selected()
    assert not sausage_element.is_selected()

def test_disabled_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'single_disabled')
    select = Select(select_element)

    with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
        select.select_by_value('disabled')
            select.SelectByIndex(3);
Show full example
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Support
{
    [TestClass]
    public class SelectListTest : BaseChromeTest
    {
        [TestInitialize]
        public void Navigate()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html";
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("selectomatic"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var twoElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=two]"));
            var fourElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=four]"));
            var countElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

            select.SelectByText("Four");
            Assert.IsTrue(fourElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByValue("two");
            Assert.IsTrue(twoElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByIndex(3);
            Assert.IsTrue(countElement.Selected);

        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectMultipleOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("multi"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var hamElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
            var gravyElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
            var eggElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
            var sausageElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

            IList<IWebElement> optionList = select.Options;
            IWebElement[] optionElements = selectElement.FindElements(By.TagName("option")).ToArray();
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(optionElements, optionList.ToArray());

            IList<IWebElement> selectedOptionList = select.AllSelectedOptions;
            IWebElement[] expectedSelection = { eggElement, sausageElement };
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList.ToArray());

            select.SelectByValue("ham");
            select.SelectByValue("onion gravy");
            Assert.IsTrue(hamElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsTrue(gravyElement.Selected);

            select.DeselectByValue("eggs");
            select.DeselectByValue("sausages");
            Assert.IsFalse(eggElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsFalse(sausageElement.Selected);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void DisabledOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("single_disabled"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() => select.SelectByValue("disabled"));
        }
    }
}
    select.select_by(:index, 3)
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Select List' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  before do
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  end

  it 'select options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'selectomatic')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by(:text, 'Four')
    expect(four_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:value, 'two')
    expect(two_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:index, 3)
    expect(count_element).to be_selected
  end

  it 'select multiple options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'multi')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(tag_name: 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    expect(option_elements).to eq option_list

    selected_option_list = select.selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    expect(selected_option_list).to eq expected_selection

    select.select_by(:value, 'ham')
    select.select_by(:value, 'onion gravy')
    expect(ham_element).to be_selected
    expect(gravy_element).to be_selected

    select.deselect_by(:value, 'eggs')
    select.deselect_by(:value, 'sausages')
    expect(egg_element).not_to be_selected
    expect(sausage_element).not_to be_selected
  end

  it 'disabled options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'single_disabled')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    expect {
      select.select_by(:value, 'disabled')
    }.to raise_exception(Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnsupportedOperationError)
  end
end
    assert.equal(true, await twoElement.isSelected())
Show full example

const {By, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert/strict')
const {Select} = require('selenium-webdriver')


describe('Select Tests', async function () {
  let driver

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.FIREFOX)
      .build()
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('Select an option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('selectomatic'))
    const select = new Select(selectElement)

    const twoElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=two]'))
    const fourElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=four]'))
    const countElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))

    await select.selectByVisibleText('Four')
    assert.equal(true, await fourElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByValue('two')
    assert.equal(true, await twoElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByIndex(3)
    assert.equal(true, await countElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Select by multiple options', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('multi'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    const hamElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=ham]'))
    const gravyElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    const eggElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=eggs]'))
    const sausageElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='sausages']"))

    const optionElements = await selectElement.findElements(By.css('option'))
    const optionList = await select.getOptions()
    assert.equal(optionList.length, optionElements.length)
    for (const index in optionList) {
      assert.equal(await optionList[index].getText(), await optionElements[index].getText())
    }

    const selectedOptionList = await select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    const expectedSelection = [eggElement, sausageElement]
    assert.equal(expectedSelection.length, selectedOptionList.length)
    for (const index in selectedOptionList) {
      assert.equal(await selectedOptionList[index].getText(), await expectedSelection[index].getText())
    }

    await select.selectByValue('ham')
    await select.selectByValue('onion gravy')
    assert.equal(true, await hamElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(true, await gravyElement.isSelected())

    await select.deselectByValue('eggs')
    await select.deselectByValue('sausages')
    assert.equal(false, await eggElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(false, await sausageElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Try selecting disabled option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('single_disabled'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    await assert.rejects(async () => {
      await select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }, {
      name: 'UnsupportedOperationError',
      message: 'You may not select a disabled option'
    })
  })
})
    select.selectByIndex(3)
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select

class SelectListTest : BaseTest() {
  
  @BeforeEach
  fun navigate() {
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html")
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"))
    val fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"))
    val countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))
    
    select.selectByVisibleText("Four")
    Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByValue("two")
    Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByIndex(3)
    Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected())
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectMultipleOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"))
    val gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    val eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"))
    val sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"))

    val optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"))
    val optionList = select.getOptions()
    Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList)

    val selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    val expectedSelection = ArrayList<WebElement>() 
      expectedSelection.add(eggElement)
      expectedSelection.add(sausageElement)

    Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList)

    select.selectByValue("ham")
    select.selectByValue("onion gravy")
    Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected())

    select.deselectByValue("eggs")
    select.deselectByValue("sausages")
    Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected())
  }

  @Test
  fun disabledOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException::class.java) {
      select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }
  }
}

禁用的选项

Selenium v4.5

具有 disabled 属性的选项可能无法被选择.

    <select name="single_disabled">
      <option id="sinlge_disabled_1" value="enabled">Enabled</option>
      <option id="sinlge_disabled_2" value="disabled" disabled="disabled">Disabled</option>
    </select>
        Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
            select.selectByValue("disabled");
        });
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class SelectListTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @BeforeEach
    public void navigate() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html");
    }

    @Test
    public void selectOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"));
        WebElement fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"));
        WebElement countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

        select.selectByVisibleText("Four");
        Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByValue("two");
        Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByIndex(3);
        Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void selectMultipleOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
        WebElement gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
        WebElement eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
        WebElement sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

        List<WebElement> optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"));
        List<WebElement> optionList = select.getOptions();
        Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList);

        List<WebElement> selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions();
        List<WebElement> expectedSelection = new ArrayList<WebElement>() {{
            add(eggElement);
            add(sausageElement);
        }};
        Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList);

        select.selectByValue("ham");
        select.selectByValue("onion gravy");
        Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected());

        select.deselectByValue("eggs");
        select.deselectByValue("sausages");
        Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void disabledOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
            select.selectByValue("disabled");
        });
    }
}
    with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
        select.select_by_value('disabled')
Show full example
import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select


def test_select_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'selectomatic')
    select = Select(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by_visible_text('Four')
    assert four_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_value('two')
    assert two_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_index(3)
    assert count_element.is_selected()


def test_select_multiple_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'multi')
    select = Select(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    assert option_elements == option_list

    selected_option_list = select.all_selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    assert selected_option_list == expected_selection

    select.select_by_value('ham')
    select.select_by_value('onion gravy')
    assert ham_element.is_selected()
    assert gravy_element.is_selected()

    select.deselect_by_value('eggs')
    select.deselect_by_value('sausages')
    assert not egg_element.is_selected()
    assert not sausage_element.is_selected()

def test_disabled_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'single_disabled')
    select = Select(select_element)

    with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
        select.select_by_value('disabled')
            Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() => select.SelectByValue("disabled"));
Show full example
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Support
{
    [TestClass]
    public class SelectListTest : BaseChromeTest
    {
        [TestInitialize]
        public void Navigate()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html";
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("selectomatic"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var twoElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=two]"));
            var fourElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=four]"));
            var countElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

            select.SelectByText("Four");
            Assert.IsTrue(fourElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByValue("two");
            Assert.IsTrue(twoElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByIndex(3);
            Assert.IsTrue(countElement.Selected);

        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectMultipleOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("multi"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var hamElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
            var gravyElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
            var eggElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
            var sausageElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

            IList<IWebElement> optionList = select.Options;
            IWebElement[] optionElements = selectElement.FindElements(By.TagName("option")).ToArray();
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(optionElements, optionList.ToArray());

            IList<IWebElement> selectedOptionList = select.AllSelectedOptions;
            IWebElement[] expectedSelection = { eggElement, sausageElement };
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList.ToArray());

            select.SelectByValue("ham");
            select.SelectByValue("onion gravy");
            Assert.IsTrue(hamElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsTrue(gravyElement.Selected);

            select.DeselectByValue("eggs");
            select.DeselectByValue("sausages");
            Assert.IsFalse(eggElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsFalse(sausageElement.Selected);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void DisabledOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("single_disabled"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() => select.SelectByValue("disabled"));
        }
    }
}
    expect {
      select.select_by(:value, 'disabled')
    }.to raise_exception(Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnsupportedOperationError)
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Select List' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  before do
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  end

  it 'select options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'selectomatic')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by(:text, 'Four')
    expect(four_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:value, 'two')
    expect(two_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:index, 3)
    expect(count_element).to be_selected
  end

  it 'select multiple options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'multi')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(tag_name: 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    expect(option_elements).to eq option_list

    selected_option_list = select.selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    expect(selected_option_list).to eq expected_selection

    select.select_by(:value, 'ham')
    select.select_by(:value, 'onion gravy')
    expect(ham_element).to be_selected
    expect(gravy_element).to be_selected

    select.deselect_by(:value, 'eggs')
    select.deselect_by(:value, 'sausages')
    expect(egg_element).not_to be_selected
    expect(sausage_element).not_to be_selected
  end

  it 'disabled options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'single_disabled')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    expect {
      select.select_by(:value, 'disabled')
    }.to raise_exception(Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnsupportedOperationError)
  end
end
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    await assert.rejects(async () => {
      await select.selectByValue("disabled")
Show full example

const {By, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert/strict')
const {Select} = require('selenium-webdriver')


describe('Select Tests', async function () {
  let driver

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.FIREFOX)
      .build()
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('Select an option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('selectomatic'))
    const select = new Select(selectElement)

    const twoElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=two]'))
    const fourElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=four]'))
    const countElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))

    await select.selectByVisibleText('Four')
    assert.equal(true, await fourElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByValue('two')
    assert.equal(true, await twoElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByIndex(3)
    assert.equal(true, await countElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Select by multiple options', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('multi'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    const hamElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=ham]'))
    const gravyElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    const eggElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=eggs]'))
    const sausageElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='sausages']"))

    const optionElements = await selectElement.findElements(By.css('option'))
    const optionList = await select.getOptions()
    assert.equal(optionList.length, optionElements.length)
    for (const index in optionList) {
      assert.equal(await optionList[index].getText(), await optionElements[index].getText())
    }

    const selectedOptionList = await select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    const expectedSelection = [eggElement, sausageElement]
    assert.equal(expectedSelection.length, selectedOptionList.length)
    for (const index in selectedOptionList) {
      assert.equal(await selectedOptionList[index].getText(), await expectedSelection[index].getText())
    }

    await select.selectByValue('ham')
    await select.selectByValue('onion gravy')
    assert.equal(true, await hamElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(true, await gravyElement.isSelected())

    await select.deselectByValue('eggs')
    await select.deselectByValue('sausages')
    assert.equal(false, await eggElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(false, await sausageElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Try selecting disabled option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('single_disabled'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    await assert.rejects(async () => {
      await select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }, {
      name: 'UnsupportedOperationError',
      message: 'You may not select a disabled option'
    })
  })
})
    Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException::class.java) {
      select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select

class SelectListTest : BaseTest() {
  
  @BeforeEach
  fun navigate() {
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html")
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"))
    val fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"))
    val countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))
    
    select.selectByVisibleText("Four")
    Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByValue("two")
    Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByIndex(3)
    Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected())
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectMultipleOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"))
    val gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    val eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"))
    val sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"))

    val optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"))
    val optionList = select.getOptions()
    Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList)

    val selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    val expectedSelection = ArrayList<WebElement>() 
      expectedSelection.add(eggElement)
      expectedSelection.add(sausageElement)

    Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList)

    select.selectByValue("ham")
    select.selectByValue("onion gravy")
    Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected())

    select.deselectByValue("eggs")
    select.deselectByValue("sausages")
    Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected())
  }

  @Test
  fun disabledOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException::class.java) {
      select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }
  }
}

取消选择选项

只有复选类型的选择列表才能取消选择选项. 您可以对要选择的每个元素重复使用这些方法.

        select.deselectByValue("eggs");
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support;

import dev.selenium.BaseChromeTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class SelectListTest extends BaseChromeTest {

    @BeforeEach
    public void navigate() {
        driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html");
    }

    @Test
    public void selectOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"));
        WebElement fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"));
        WebElement countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

        select.selectByVisibleText("Four");
        Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByValue("two");
        Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected());

        select.selectByIndex(3);
        Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void selectMultipleOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        WebElement hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
        WebElement gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
        WebElement eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
        WebElement sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

        List<WebElement> optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"));
        List<WebElement> optionList = select.getOptions();
        Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList);

        List<WebElement> selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions();
        List<WebElement> expectedSelection = new ArrayList<WebElement>() {{
            add(eggElement);
            add(sausageElement);
        }};
        Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList);

        select.selectByValue("ham");
        select.selectByValue("onion gravy");
        Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected());

        select.deselectByValue("eggs");
        select.deselectByValue("sausages");
        Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected());
        Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected());
    }

    @Test
    public void disabledOption() {
        WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"));
        Select select = new Select(selectElement);

        Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
            select.selectByValue("disabled");
        });
    }
}
    select.deselect_by_value('eggs')
Show full example
import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select


def test_select_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'selectomatic')
    select = Select(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by_visible_text('Four')
    assert four_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_value('two')
    assert two_element.is_selected()

    select.select_by_index(3)
    assert count_element.is_selected()


def test_select_multiple_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'multi')
    select = Select(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(By.TAG_NAME, 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    assert option_elements == option_list

    selected_option_list = select.all_selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    assert selected_option_list == expected_selection

    select.select_by_value('ham')
    select.select_by_value('onion gravy')
    assert ham_element.is_selected()
    assert gravy_element.is_selected()

    select.deselect_by_value('eggs')
    select.deselect_by_value('sausages')
    assert not egg_element.is_selected()
    assert not sausage_element.is_selected()

def test_disabled_options(driver):
    driver.get('https://selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')

    select_element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'single_disabled')
    select = Select(select_element)

    with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
        select.select_by_value('disabled')
            select.DeselectByValue("eggs");
Show full example
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Linq;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;

namespace SeleniumDocs.Support
{
    [TestClass]
    public class SelectListTest : BaseChromeTest
    {
        [TestInitialize]
        public void Navigate()
        {
            driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html";
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("selectomatic"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var twoElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=two]"));
            var fourElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=four]"));
            var countElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"));

            select.SelectByText("Four");
            Assert.IsTrue(fourElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByValue("two");
            Assert.IsTrue(twoElement.Selected);

            select.SelectByIndex(3);
            Assert.IsTrue(countElement.Selected);

        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void SelectMultipleOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("multi"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            var hamElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=ham]"));
            var gravyElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"));
            var eggElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value=eggs]"));
            var sausageElement = driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("option[value='sausages']"));

            IList<IWebElement> optionList = select.Options;
            IWebElement[] optionElements = selectElement.FindElements(By.TagName("option")).ToArray();
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(optionElements, optionList.ToArray());

            IList<IWebElement> selectedOptionList = select.AllSelectedOptions;
            IWebElement[] expectedSelection = { eggElement, sausageElement };
            CollectionAssert.AreEqual(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList.ToArray());

            select.SelectByValue("ham");
            select.SelectByValue("onion gravy");
            Assert.IsTrue(hamElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsTrue(gravyElement.Selected);

            select.DeselectByValue("eggs");
            select.DeselectByValue("sausages");
            Assert.IsFalse(eggElement.Selected);
            Assert.IsFalse(sausageElement.Selected);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void DisabledOption()
        {
            var selectElement = driver.FindElement(By.Name("single_disabled"));
            var select = new SelectElement(selectElement);

            Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() => select.SelectByValue("disabled"));
        }
    }
}
    select.deselect_by(:value, 'eggs')
Show full example
# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'spec_helper'

RSpec.describe 'Select List' do
  let(:driver) { start_session }

  before do
    driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  end

  it 'select options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'selectomatic')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    two_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=two]')
    four_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=four]')
    count_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']")

    select.select_by(:text, 'Four')
    expect(four_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:value, 'two')
    expect(two_element).to be_selected

    select.select_by(:index, 3)
    expect(count_element).to be_selected
  end

  it 'select multiple options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'multi')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    ham_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=ham]')
    gravy_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='onion gravy']")
    egg_element = driver.find_element(css: 'option[value=eggs]')
    sausage_element = driver.find_element(css: "option[value='sausages']")

    option_elements = select_element.find_elements(tag_name: 'option')
    option_list = select.options
    expect(option_elements).to eq option_list

    selected_option_list = select.selected_options
    expected_selection = [egg_element, sausage_element]
    expect(selected_option_list).to eq expected_selection

    select.select_by(:value, 'ham')
    select.select_by(:value, 'onion gravy')
    expect(ham_element).to be_selected
    expect(gravy_element).to be_selected

    select.deselect_by(:value, 'eggs')
    select.deselect_by(:value, 'sausages')
    expect(egg_element).not_to be_selected
    expect(sausage_element).not_to be_selected
  end

  it 'disabled options' do
    select_element = driver.find_element(name: 'single_disabled')
    select = Selenium::WebDriver::Support::Select.new(select_element)

    expect {
      select.select_by(:value, 'disabled')
    }.to raise_exception(Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnsupportedOperationError)
  end
end
    assert.equal(true, await gravyElement.isSelected())
Show full example

const {By, Browser, Builder} = require('selenium-webdriver')
const assert = require('assert/strict')
const {Select} = require('selenium-webdriver')


describe('Select Tests', async function () {
  let driver

  before(async function () {
    driver = new Builder()
      .forBrowser(Browser.FIREFOX)
      .build()
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html')
  })

  after(async () => await driver.quit())

  it('Select an option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('selectomatic'))
    const select = new Select(selectElement)

    const twoElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=two]'))
    const fourElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=four]'))
    const countElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))

    await select.selectByVisibleText('Four')
    assert.equal(true, await fourElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByValue('two')
    assert.equal(true, await twoElement.isSelected())

    await select.selectByIndex(3)
    assert.equal(true, await countElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Select by multiple options', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('multi'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    const hamElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=ham]'))
    const gravyElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    const eggElement = await driver.findElement(By.css('option[value=eggs]'))
    const sausageElement = await driver.findElement(By.css("option[value='sausages']"))

    const optionElements = await selectElement.findElements(By.css('option'))
    const optionList = await select.getOptions()
    assert.equal(optionList.length, optionElements.length)
    for (const index in optionList) {
      assert.equal(await optionList[index].getText(), await optionElements[index].getText())
    }

    const selectedOptionList = await select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    const expectedSelection = [eggElement, sausageElement]
    assert.equal(expectedSelection.length, selectedOptionList.length)
    for (const index in selectedOptionList) {
      assert.equal(await selectedOptionList[index].getText(), await expectedSelection[index].getText())
    }

    await select.selectByValue('ham')
    await select.selectByValue('onion gravy')
    assert.equal(true, await hamElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(true, await gravyElement.isSelected())

    await select.deselectByValue('eggs')
    await select.deselectByValue('sausages')
    assert.equal(false, await eggElement.isSelected())
    assert.equal(false, await sausageElement.isSelected())
  })

  it('Try selecting disabled option', async function () {
    const selectElement = await driver.findElement(By.name('single_disabled'))
    const select = await new Select(selectElement)

    await assert.rejects(async () => {
      await select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }, {
      name: 'UnsupportedOperationError',
      message: 'You may not select a disabled option'
    })
  })
})
    select.deselectByValue("eggs")
Show full example
package dev.selenium.support

import dev.selenium.BaseTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.openqa.selenium.By
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select

class SelectListTest : BaseTest() {
  
  @BeforeEach
  fun navigate() {
    driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/formPage.html")
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("selectomatic"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val twoElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=two]"))
    val fourElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=four]"))
    val countElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='still learning how to count, apparently']"))
    
    select.selectByVisibleText("Four")
    Assertions.assertTrue(fourElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByValue("two")
    Assertions.assertTrue(twoElement.isSelected())

    select.selectByIndex(3)
    Assertions.assertTrue(countElement.isSelected())
  }
  
  @Test
  fun selectMultipleOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("multi"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    val hamElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=ham]"))
    val gravyElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='onion gravy']"))
    val eggElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value=eggs]"))
    val sausageElement = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("option[value='sausages']"))

    val optionElements = selectElement.findElements(By.tagName("option"))
    val optionList = select.getOptions()
    Assertions.assertEquals(optionElements, optionList)

    val selectedOptionList = select.getAllSelectedOptions()
    val expectedSelection = ArrayList<WebElement>() 
      expectedSelection.add(eggElement)
      expectedSelection.add(sausageElement)

    Assertions.assertEquals(expectedSelection, selectedOptionList)

    select.selectByValue("ham")
    select.selectByValue("onion gravy")
    Assertions.assertTrue(hamElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertTrue(gravyElement.isSelected())

    select.deselectByValue("eggs")
    select.deselectByValue("sausages")
    Assertions.assertFalse(eggElement.isSelected())
    Assertions.assertFalse(sausageElement.isSelected())
  }

  @Test
  fun disabledOption() {
    val selectElement = driver.findElement(By.name("single_disabled"))
    val select = Select(selectElement)
    
    Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException::class.java) {
      select.selectByValue("disabled")
    }
  }
}